Image copyright Reuters Image caption The River Seine in Paris has already burst its banks in several places
Floodwaters in Paris are set to peak shortly with the River Seine rising 6m (20ft) above its normal level.
The world-famous Louvre and Orsay museums have been shut so staff can move priceless artworks to safety.
The number of dead in the floods has now risen to at least 14 – 10 in southern Germany and two each in France and Romania.
More downpours are forecast for the weekend across a band of central Europe from France to Ukraine.
Several towns in southern Germany have been devastated. Belgium, Austria, the Netherlands and Poland have also been affected.
Thousands of people have been forced from their homes.
Image copyright AP Image caption Artworks are packed away for safe-keeping at the Louvre Image copyright AFP Image caption The castle of Chambord, south-west of Paris, and its partly flooded park after River Cosson burst it banks
French President Francois Hollande said the weather was a serious climate phenomenon and a global challenge.
He is to declare a state of natural disaster in the worst-hit areas, which will free up emergency funds.
Another headache for Hollande – Analysis by Hugh Schofield, BBC News, Paris
Trains operating at only 50%, strikes on the metro, floods on the Seine, the Louvre closed, violent protests against the government’s labour law, fears for the Euro 2016 football tournament – the list goes on.
If it wasn’t an insufferable cliche, one would be tempted to call it Francois Hollande’s “perfect storm”. It is certainly not the perfect spring he would have liked.
Any self-help expert will tell you the best way to handle a concatenation of problems is to treat them one by one – and that is what the president is doing.
The waters will subside on their own. By Monday this will be an ex-story. For the rest, Mr Hollande is going through the list of disgruntled workers who have joined the labour protests – and buying them off.
The most glaring example is how he has now gone over the head of the SNCF (railways) boss to offer workers more or less all they were asking. It may buy peace for Euro 2016. It is probably not the best way to run an economy.
In Paris, emergency barriers have been put up along the Seine, a number of bridges have been closed and tourists boats have been banned from sailing on the river, the BBC’s James Reynolds says.
The river has not reached present levels in Paris since 1982, according to the environment ministry.
The Seine previously reached 6.18m in 1982, 7.1m in 1955 and 8.62m in 1910.
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Global Climate Change
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