Not proofread: Created page with "<section begin="s1"/>Alicante (Map: Spain, E 3), and is one of the most busy and prosperous of Spanisli towns. It is picturesquely placed on the ?lope of the Sierra Mariola..."
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</noinclude><section begin="s1"/>Alicante (Map: Spain, E 3), and is one of the
most busy and prosperous of Spanisli towns. It
is picturesquely placed on the ?lope of the
Sierra Mariola, wliose streams afford an abun-
dance of water-power. The public buildings
include a consistory, town hall, poorhouse,
and public granary. The city is the great
centre of paper manufacture, and the mills are
of considerable antiquity. Their production is
large. The cigarette paper of Alcoy i.s known to
every Spanish smoker, but sugar-plums, pcla-
dillas de Alcoi/, woolen cloth, linen and cotton
goods, as well as hardware, also form important
branches of manufacture. Pop., 1900, ."il,,???
The prosperity of the place was interrupted for
a time in 1873 by an insurrection of the Spanish
Internationals,
<section end="s1"/>
<section begin="s2"/>'''ALCUDIA''', al-koo'De-a, IVIanltel de Godot.
See GoiKiY, Manuel, Duke op Alcudia.
<section end="s2"/>
<section begin="s3"/>'''ALCUIN''', al'kwin, or Flaccus Albinus
(c. 73.5-804), The most distinguished scholar of
the eighth century, the confidant and adviser of
Charlemagne. He was born at York, was edu-
cated under the care of Archbishop Ecbert, and
his relative, -IClbert, and succeeded the latter
as master of the school of York. Charlemagne
became acquainted with him .at Parma, as he
was returning from Rome, whither he had gone
to bring home the pallium for a friend. He
invited Alcuin to his court, and had his assist-
ance in his endeavors to civilize his subjects.
As a result of this association, Alcuin became the
preceptor of the Emperor, whom he instructed in
various subjects, especially rhetoric and dia-
lectics. To render his instruction more available,
Charlemagne established at his court a school
called Schola Palatina, the superintendence of
which, as well as of several monasteries, was
committed to Alcuin. In the learned society of
the court, Alcuin went by the name of Flaccus
Albinus. Many of the schools in France were
either founded- or improved by him. He retired
to the abbey of St. Jlartin, in Tours, in 796, and
taking as his model the school of Y'ork, taught at
Tours. While there he wrote frequently to the
Emperor. He died Jlay 19, 804. He left, be-
sides numerous theological writings, a number
of works on philosophy, mathematics, rhetoric,
and philology, as well as poems and a great num-
ber of letters. His letters, while they betray the
uncultivated character of the age generally,
show Alcuin to have been the most accomplished
man of his time. He understood Latin, Greek,
and Hebrew. Editions of his works appeared in
1617 (Paris), 1777 (Ratisbon), and in Migne's
Patrologia. Consult : Monnier, Alcuin et Char-
lemagne (Paris, 1SC4) ; Mullinger, Schools of
Charles the Great (London, 1877), and West,
Alcuin and the Rise of Christian Schools (New
York. 18l)L').
<section end="s3"/>
<section begin="s4"/>'''AL'CYONA'RIA''' (From Gk. a>.icvnvle]wi>,
allciioneion, bastard-sponge). A subclass of
the Anthozoa, comprising a group of coral-
polyps, characterized by the presence of eight
tentacles around the mouth and the division of
the gastrovascular cavity into eight chambers.
Typical forms, like the precious red corals, fall
into the subordinate group Alcyonaeca: the sea-
fans constitute the ai'oup Gorgonacea ; and the
sea-pens the group Pennatulacea. See Coral,
ALCY'ONE, or HALCYONE (Gk.'A;iCT<5.^)?,
Alkyonc) . In later Greek legend, the daughter
of .Eolus and wife of Ceyx. Inconsolable on the
death of her husband, she threw herself into
the sea, whereupon she and her husband were
changed into kingfishers as a reward of their
nuitual devotion. Alcj'one is originally a sea
divinity, and appears in the legends of Bceotia,
Argos, and elsewhere. Tlie myth has been per-
petuated in zoology by the name of a genus (Al-
cyone) of kingfishers; and these birds are fre-
(luently called luilcyons in poetic literature.
<section end="s4"/>
<section begin="s5"/>'''ALCYONE''' (Gk. 'Mnvivr], Alhyone). The
most brilliant of the "seven stars" or Pleiades.
This is the star which was supposed by Miidler
to be the central sun, in reference to which our
sun with its planets and all other known systems
are moving, perhaps revolving within some al-
most incomprehensible period of time. It has
been shown, however, that any central sun hy-
pothesis is, as yet, far too daring, considering
the insufficient state of our knowledge of sidereal
systems and their motions. See Pleiades.
<section end="s5"/>
<section begin="s6"/>'''AL'DABEL'LA.''' (1) In Ariosto's Orlando
Furioso (q.v.), the wife of Orlando, daughter of
Monodantes and sister of Oliviero. In French
and Spanish versions of the Orlando legends
she appears as Alda and Auda, (2) In Dean
Milman's tragedy of Fazio (q.v.), a fascinating
but wicked woman, of whom Bianca, Fazio's
wife, has cause for jealousy, and who is finally
condemned to a nunnery.
<section end="s6"/>
<section begin="s7"/>'''ALDAN''', al-diin'. An affluent of the Lena,
rising in the Siberian territory of Y'akutsk,
near the mountain ridge of Yablonov, in lat. 56°
31' N., and long. 123° ol' E. (Map: Asia, M 3).
After flowing in a generally northerly direction
for 1320 miles it empties into the Lena, 111 miles
below Yakutsk. It is navigable for a distance
of over 600 miles. It abounds in sturgeon and
sterlet.
<section end="s7"/>
<section begin="s8"/>'''ALDAN''', al-dan'. A mountain range on the
left shore of the river that gives it its name,
between 55" and 61° N. lat, (Map: Asia, M 3).
It is a branch of the Stanovoi, about 400 miles
long, with an average altitude of 4000 feet.
<section end="s8"/>
<section begin="s9"/>'''ALDBOROUGH''', iiWbilr'6, or, colloquially,
a'bro (A. S. aid, old). An ancient village in the
West Riding of Yorkshire, 16 miles west
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ALCYONAKIA.
northwest of York (Map: England, E 2). It is chietlv remarkable for its ancient ruins. It was the Isurium of the Romans, and after York ( Eboracum ) the most considerable Roman camp north of the Ilumber, Remains of aqueducts, buildings, tessellated pavements, implements. <section end="s9"/><noinclude></div></noinclude>