Assessment of Production and Marketing System of Goats
In Dale District, Sidama Zone
Endeshaw Assefa
M.Sc Thesis
In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of Master
of Science in Animal Production
Submitted to
The School of Graduate Studies
Department of Animal Production and Range Sciences
AWASSA COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
UNIVERSITY OF HAWASSA
AWASSA, ETHIOPIA
June 2007Awassa Acknowledgements
I would like to express my deepest gratitude and heartfelt thanks to my advisor, Dr Girma
Abebe, for his invaluable comments, supports and follow up from the preparation of the proposal
up to the end of the research work. His careful follow up and guidance through out the study
period has contributed a lot to cover and complete timely the wider area coverage of the study
site. I also extend my sincere thanks to my co-advisor, Dr Yosef T/ Georgis, for his support in
providing valuable comments through out the study period and his important guidance during
data analysis.
Also my heart felt thanks extended to my co advisors Dr Azage Tegegne and Dr Berhanu G/
Medhin for their follow up, guidance and support in providing invaluable comments and
suggestions throughout my study period.
Sidama Zone Agricultural and Rural Development Coordination Office is highly acknowledged
for the material and. facility support and follow-up of the study. I would like to express again my
deepest and heartfelt thanks to Shebedino Agricultural and Rural Development Coordination
Office for their support in providing transport, materials and all rounded support from the very
beginning of the study period up to the end. Agricultural and Rural Development Coordination
Offices in Dale, Wonsho and Loka Abaya districts, the development agents and experts of the
three districts, as well as all participated farmers deserve my deepest appreciation for their
unreserved cooperation and collaboration during the study.
The study was carried out through the financial support of the IPMS project. I would like to
thank the project coordinators who facilitated this opportunity for researchers and graduate
fellows. Also my thanks extended to Ato Ketema Yilma and all the IPMS staff in ILRI and at
Dale Pilot Learning Woreda for their wholehearted support during field works and office
activities. Abbreviations used in the text
SSA Sub Saharan Africa
MoA Ministry of Agriculture
CSA Central statistics Authority
SNNPRS Southern Nations Nationalities and peoples Regional State
WAD West African Dwarf
FAO Food and Agricultural Organization
IMPACT International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural
Commodities and Trade
AFRCSM Sub Moist
SH Sub Humid
IPMS Improving Productivity and Marketing Success
KA Kebele Administration
Fig Figure
Eg Example
TLU Tropical Livestock Unit
AFM Age at First Mating
AFK Age at first Kidding
WA Weaning Age
AKI Average Kidding Interval
LS Litter Size
Masl meter above sea level
No Number
Km Kilometer LIST OF TABLES IN THE APPENDIX
Appendix table 1 analysis of variance of age of the household – Page number
Appendix table 2 Analysis of variance of variance of family size comparison by Agro eco logy
Appendix table 3 Analysis of variance of livestock holdings comparison in Agro ecology
Appendix table 4 Analysis of variance for Goat holdings comparison among agro ecologies
Appendix table 5 Analysis of variance for Reproductive performances in the three agro
ecological zones as responded by farmers
Appendix table 6 Analysis of variance for Litter size and parity among agro ecologies
Appendix table 7 Analysis of variance for growth results from flock monitoring
Appendix table 8 Questionnaire for diagnostic survey of production system
Appendix table 9 Check list for Rapid Marketing Analysis (RMA) List of Tables
Table 1 Age of the household – Page number
Table 2 Family size and land holdings in two three-agro ecologies
Table 3 Mean livestock holdings per household
Table 4 Number of Goats per household
Table 5 Goats and sheep numbers per household before two year and of present as recalled by
flock holders
Table 6 Months with the highest number of birth
Table 7 Mean values for various reproductive parameters.
Table 8 Litter size and parity of goats
Table 9 Age at first service for backs.
Table 10 percentages of farmers that use different sources of breeding bucks
Table 11 Reasons for keeping bucks
Table 12 Goat milking and milk unitization percentage.
Table 13 percentage of respondents indicating feeds sources available for goats
Table 14 Shrubs and frees commonly fed to goats in the three agro ecologies.
Table 15 Months with surplus feed
Table 16 Months for the shortage of feeds
Table 17 Management systems
Table 18 the responsibility of family members in goat management
Table 19 Water sources during wet season
Table 20 Water sources during dry season
Table 21 Dry season distances
Table 22 Wet season distances
Table 23 Watering frequencies
Table 24 Problems related to health and disease control
Table 25 Common distance of the area
Table 26 Months of the highest goat mortality
Table 27 Type of goats sold in the last 12 months and the place of sales
Table 28 the highest around lowest price of goats in type and age estimated by responders List of Figures
Figure 1 respondent by age and level of education …………Page
Figure 2 Income sources of households……………………………………………..
Figure 3 …………..
Figure 4
Figure 5 Typical goal flocks in moist kola (Loka Abaya)…………………………….
Figure 6 Purpose of keeping goats……………………………………………………..
Figure 7 Experience of farmers in goat husbandry ……………………………………
Figure 8 Criteria for culling goats……………………………………………………….
Figure 9 Criteria for selecting bucks ……………………………………………………
Figure 10 Lactating doe taken from a flock at moist kola district
Figure 11 Goats being looked after by midwife during supplementary gazing
Figure 12 Problems affecting the expansion of goat production
Figure 13 Castrate goats fattened by goat holder (Loka Abaya)
Figure 14 Assessing body conditions of goats in the market
Figure 15 reasons for selling goats
Figure 16 Old doe with triplet kinds (moist kola Loka Abaya district) Assessment on Production and Marketing System of Goats
in Dale District, Sidama Zone
Endeshaw Assefa (BSc)
Advisors: Girma Abebe (PhD); Azage Tegegne (PhD); Berhanu G/ Medhin and Yosef T/Georgis
Abstract
Production system and marketing study was undertaken using on 120 sample households to
identify and describing goat production systems, to determine production potentials,
opportunities and challenges of goat’s production and to describe marketing systems. Three The
households were drawn from different location and represented three agro-ecologies; Moist
Weyina Dega, Dega and Moist Kola. Sampled households were interviewed on socio economic
characteristics, flock structure, reproductive performances of goats, feed resources and feeding,
routine husbandry management systems and marketing using a pre-tested formal questionnaire.
Flock monitoring to identify off take and acquisitions like birth, purchase, transfer and disposal
like sales, slaughter, death was carried out for about seven months (September to March). Three
primary, one secondary and one terminal markets were studied at Dale, Tula and Hawasa,
respectively using Rapid Marketing Appraisal (RMA) technique. The average family size was
7.5± . 247 per household, out of which 5.6% of the households were females and there was no
significant difference (p