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{{p2v|'''Ученик:''' I have heard that they learn Russian verbs for 6-7 years at Russian schools.
{{p2v|'''Ученик:''' I have heard that they learn Russian verbs for 6-7 years at Russian schools.
−
'''Учительница:''' I have learnt verbs in a Russian school and even I don't know sometimes what ending to add to a Russian verb in 3rd person plural. Particularly
to the
some reflexive verbs that aren't used very often in Russian.
+
'''Учительница:''' I have learnt verbs in a Russian school and even I don't know sometimes what ending to add to a Russian verb in
the
3rd person plural. Particularly
for
some reflexive verbs that aren't used very often in Russian.
'''Ученик:''' 3rd person plural? What is it?
'''Ученик:''' 3rd person plural? What is it?
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|__TOC__}}
|__TOC__}}
==Two major conjugation classes of Russian verbs==
==Two major conjugation classes of Russian verbs==
−
{{t1v|There are two major conjugation classes of verbs in Russian language. Don't worry, you will easily learn these conjugations. These two
classes
mostly differ in pronunciation on how they change in 3rd person plural. You shouldn't pay too much attention
on
it. The endings of these two conjugation classes are almost identical except for the initial vowel of all the endings.
+
{{t1v|There are two major conjugation classes of verbs in Russian language. Don't worry, you will easily learn these conjugations. These two
conjugations
mostly differ in pronunciation on how they change in 3rd person plural. You shouldn't pay too much attention
to
it. The endings of these two conjugation classes are almost identical except for the initial vowel of all the endings.
*1st conjugation - vowel ''e'' and vowel ''у/ю'' in the 3rd person plural
*1st conjugation - vowel ''e'' and vowel ''у/ю'' in the 3rd person plural
*2nd conjugation - vowel ''и'' and vowel ''а/я'' in the 3rd person plural}}
*2nd conjugation - vowel ''и'' and vowel ''а/я'' in the 3rd person plural}}
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*[[wikipedia:wiktionary:ru:учить|учить]]}}}}
*[[wikipedia:wiktionary:ru:учить|учить]]}}}}
−
{{t1v|All Russians will understand you if you say ''учут'' instead of ''учат''. It supposed to be ''учАтся''. Look [https://www.google.com/search?q{{=}}%D1%83%D1%87%D1%83%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F how many Russians write incorrect ''учУтся''].
+
{{t1v|All Russians will understand you if you say ''учут'' instead of ''учат''. It
's
supposed to be ''учАтся''. Look [https://www.google.com/search?q{{=}}%D1%83%D1%87%D1%83%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F how many Russians write incorrect ''учУтся''].
*That's why Russians learn Russian verbs for a long time at school.
*That's why Russians learn Russian verbs for a long time at school.
*That's why you shouldn't worry if the verb belongs to the 1st or to the 2nd conjugation.
*That's why you shouldn't worry if the verb belongs to the 1st or to the 2nd conjugation.
−
If you pronounce ''y'' instead of ''a''
in
the ending of the verb I am sure that Russians will understand you!}}
+
If you pronounce ''y'' instead of ''a''
at
the ending of the verb I am sure that Russians will understand you!}}
==Two aspects of Russian verbs==
==Two aspects of Russian verbs==
'''Ученик:''' Why did you add ''прочитать'' to ''читать'' and ''выучить'' to ''учить''?
'''Ученик:''' Why did you add ''прочитать'' to ''читать'' and ''выучить'' to ''учить''?
−
'''Учительница:''' They are aspectual pairs. Most
of the
Russian verbs come in two aspects:
+
'''Учительница:''' They are aspectual pairs. Most Russian verbs come in two aspects:
{{p2v|'''Imperfective aspect
{{p2v|'''Imperfective aspect
* incomplete, ongoing, habitual, repeated action
* incomplete, ongoing, habitual, repeated action
−
''Он читает книгу.''
+
''Он читает книгу
. Он читает каждый вечер
.''
−
''He is reading a book.''
+
''He is reading a book
. He reads every evening
. ''
−
* a process
evolving/
developing in past,
now
or in future
+
* a process developing in
the
past,
in the present
or in
the
future
''Он читал, читает и будет читать эту книгу.''
''Он читал, читает и будет читать эту книгу.''
''He was reading, he is reading and he will be reading this book.''
''He was reading, he is reading and he will be reading this book.''
−
* a mere statement that
the
action took place
+
* a mere statement that
an
action took place
''Он читал вечерние молитвы вчера.''
''Он читал вечерние молитвы вчера.''
''He read evening prayers yesterday.''
''He read evening prayers yesterday.''
−
Imperfective aspect simply names
the
action or a process.
+
Imperfective aspect simply names
an
action or a process.
|'''Perfective aspect
|'''Perfective aspect
−
* completed
, finnished
action
+
* completed action
''Он прочитал книгу.''
''Он прочитал книгу.''
−
''He
finnished
reading the book.''
+
''He
finished
reading the book.''
−
* result of an action that
took part
in past or will
take part
in future
+
* result of an action that
happened
in
the
past or will
happen
in
the
future
''Он уже прочитал "Преступление и наказание". Я тоже хочу прочитать эту книгу.
''Он уже прочитал "Преступление и наказание". Я тоже хочу прочитать эту книгу.
−
''He has already read "Crime and Punishment". I want to read
this
book too.''
+
''He has already read "Crime and Punishment". I want to read
that
book too.''
* a single action that have occured at some specific moment
* a single action that have occured at some specific moment
''Он прочитал вечерние молитвы вчера в шесть вечера.
''Он прочитал вечерние молитвы вчера в шесть вечера.
−
''He has read his everning prayers at
six o'clock in the evening.
+
''He has read his everning prayers at six o'clock in the evening.
−
Perfective aspect not only names
the
action but also shows that the action
is
completed
now
and has a result.}}
+
Perfective aspect not only names
an
action but also shows that the action
has been
completed and has a result.}}
The verbs aspects are very important in Russian language. The English tenses don't correspond to the Russian aspects: you have to start thinking "Russian way"!
The verbs aspects are very important in Russian language. The English tenses don't correspond to the Russian aspects: you have to start thinking "Russian way"!