A year ago Hanselman posted:
Living a High-DPI desktop lifestyle can be painful
This gives an overview of the ways applications fail on today's hyper-resolution monitors. For a developer's point of view scroll down to Frans Bouma's reply in the Comments.
It really is beginning to look like Windows is in serious trouble, at least as far as legacy desktop development is concerned. For good reasons that's where the majority of developers are stuck. Store Apps won't ever be a viable alternative for most of this development. The Metro/Store Forum inactivity level here shows just how irrelevant Metro/Store/WinRT is to most developers.
The best Microsoft offers is at High DPI which purports to offer guidance. Most of the suggestions there are impractical, at best requiring tons of extra effort.
For .Netters of course Announcing the .NET Framework 4.5.2 describes some remediation to WinForms. I'm not sure how well it works, but maybe others can comment on this.
It doesn't help anyone else though and does nothing to fix the tons of existing Microsoft or 3rd party applications you may be using.