The rhetoric of the nudism and anti-nudism movements highlights independence from many of the ordinary restraints which control human interaction in fkk settings, although for different reasons. Using data from French and German beaches, this hypothesis was tested using five distinct indexes. Little essential variation between nudists and non-nudists within French and German settings is found in their own patterns of interactional spacing, while more significant main effects for differences of cultures are found regardless of nudity status. As a subculture, nudists would seem to differ from nonnudists only in their tendency to like to sunbathe in the nude. Their naked status would appear to have none of the de-inhibiting effects often attributed to nudism. By comparison, clear cultural differences between German and French cultures are revealed consistent with Hall's high-low context distinction and the Francoeurs' hot-cool sexuality continuum.[14] Naturist facilities At naturist organised events or places clothes is generally elective, except by swimming pools or sunbathing lawns where complete nudity is expected, weather allowing. This rule is occasionally a source of controversy among some naturists. Staff at a naturist facility are typically required to be clothed as a result of health and safety regulations.[8] Facilities for naturists are classified in various ways. A landed or members' naturist club is one that possesses its own facilities, while non-landed (or travel) clubs meet at various locations, such as private dwellings, swimming pools, hot springs, landed clubs and resorts, and rented facilities. Landed clubs can be run by members on democratic lines or by one or more owners who make the rules. In either case, they are able to determine membership criteria and the duties of members. This usually involves sharing work necessary to preserve or develop the site.[15] Families swimming nude at a hot spring in Taiwan Some clubs have stricter entrance requirements than some traditional 'country clubs', including the condition to supply references, a sponsoring member, a trial membership, committee approval and/or, criminal history checks. UK clubs are now required to have child-protection policies in place, and designated child-protection policemen. Many clubs boost regular social activities.[citation needed] The international naturist organizations were mainly composed of representatives of landed clubs.[1] Fkk colony isn't any longer a favored term, but it is used by naturists as a term of derision for landed clubs that have rigid non-inclusive membership criteria, and in meta data on naturist sites. A vacation center is a facility that specializes in supplying flats, chalets and camping pitches for visiting holidaymakers. The center is run commercially, and visitors are not members and have no say in the direction. Most vacation centres anticipate visitors to hold an INF card, that's, be an associate of their national organization, but some have relaxed this restriction, relying on the taking of a trade card. Holiday centers could be very small, only two or three hectares or substantial occupying over 300 hectares.[f] In a big holiday center there will be swimming pools, sports pitches, an entertainment program, kids' clubs, restaurants and supermarkets. Some holiday centers allow normal visitors to purchase their own chalets, and generations of the same families will see each year.[5] Holiday centers are more tolerant of clothing than members-only clubs; absolute nudity is usually compulsory in the swimming pools and may be expected on the beaches, while on the soccer pitches, or in the eateries in the evening, it is rare.[5] A naturist resort is, to a European, an essentially urban development where nudism is the standard. Cap d'Agde in France, naturist hamlet Charco del Palo on Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Vera Playa in Spain[16] and Vritomartis[17] in Greece are examples. Some residents use these resorts as a year round dwelling.[citation needed] In US usage, a naturist resort can mean a vacation centre.[18] Freikrperkultur (FKK) literally interpreted as 'free body culture' is the name for the general movement in Germany. The abbreviation is widely recognised throughout Europe and often discovered on everyday hints indicating the direction to a distant naturist beach. Nude beaches Clothing is optional at nude beaches (or "free beaches"). A feature of bathing on a nude beach is the anonymity it offers, with membership of a club not being required, nor detailed use procedures, nor pre-booking of visits.[original research?][citation needed] In some European nations, for example Denmark,[19] all beaches are clothing optional, while in others like Germany there are naturist sunbathing areas in public parks, e.g., in Munich[20] and Berlin.[21] Shores in some vacation destinations, such as Crete, are also clothing-optional, except some central urban beaches.[22] There are two centrally located clothes-optional beaches in Barcelona.[23] Nudism and sports See also: Nude diversion and Nudity in sport nude beach nude beaches family nudism beach sex beach spy young nudist beach voyeur beach fuck famil