No, the God of Christianity and the God of Islam are not the same. First of all, the God of Christianity is a Trinity where the God of Islam is not. The Trinity is the monotheistic teaching that God exists eternally as three distinct persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. In Islam, this is blatantly denied. It cannot be the case that God is a Trinity and also not a Trinity. Therefore, since they contradict each other, they cannot be the same.
"And behold! Allah will say: "O 'Isa Ibn Maryam! Did you say to men, "Worship me and my mother as gods besides Allah?" He will say: "Glory to you! Never could I say what I had no right to say. Had I said such a thing, you would indeed have known it. You know what is in my heart, though I know not what is in yours. For you know in full all that is hidden," (Quran 5:116).
"O People of the Scripture, do not commit excess in your religion or say about Allah except the truth. The Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, was but a messenger of Allah and His word which He directed to Mary and a soul [created at a command] from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers. And do not say, "Three"; desist--it is better for you. Indeed, Allah is but one God. Exalted is He above having a son. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And sufficient is Allah as Disposer of affairs," (Quran 4:171).
Furthermore, in Christianity the doctrine of the Trinity allows for the incarnation of the Word. John 1:1, 14 says that the Word which was God was with God and became flesh and dwelt among us and was crucified (Matt. 26:2, 27:38). This is denied in Islam, which says that Jesus is only a prophet and was not crucified. Therefore, this is another area that shows that the God of Islam and of Christianity cannot be the same.
"[Jesus] said, "Indeed, I am the servant of Allah. He has given me the Scripture and made me a prophet," (Quran 19:30).
"And [for] their saying, "Indeed, we have killed the Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, the messenger of Allah." And they did not kill him, nor did they crucify him; but [another] was made to resemble him to them. And indeed, those who differ over it are in doubt about it. They have no knowledge of it except the following of assumption. And they did not kill him, for certain," (Quran 4:157).
Comparison chart
Christianity
Islam
Place of worship
Church, chapel, cathedral, basilica, home bible study, personal dwellings.
Mosque/masjid, any place which is considered clean by Islamic standards.
Place of origin
Roman province of Judea.
Arabian Peninsula, Mecca at Mount Hira.
Practices
Prayer, sacraments (some branches), worship in church, reading of the Bible, acts of charity, communion.
Five pillars: Testament that there is one God and Muhammad is his messenger (shahadah); prayer five times daily; fast during Ramadan; charity to the poor (zakat); pilgrimage (Hajj).
Use of statues and pictures
In Catholic & Orthodox Churches.
Muslims are not permitted to depict the image of God nor any prophets.
Goal of religion
To love God and obey his commandments while creating a relationship with Jesus Christ and spreading the Gospel so that others may also be saved.
Follow the guidance of the Qur'an and Hadiths to reach eternal paradise.
Clergy
Priests, bishops, ministers, monks, and nuns.
Imam leads congregational prayer in a mosque. Sheikh, Maulana, Mullah and Mufti
Founder
The Lord Jesus Christ.
Prophet Muhammad
Scriptures
The Holy Bible
The Qur'an, the Hadiths (Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslims, Sunan Abu Dawood, Sunan at-Tirmidhi, Sunan al-Sughra and Sunan ibn Majah.
Literal Meaning
Follower Of Christ.
Islam is derived from the Arabic root "Salema": peace, purity, submission and obedience. In the religious sense, Islam means submission to the will of God and obedience to His law.
Belief of God
One God: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
Only one God.
Life after death
Eternity in Heaven or Hell, in some cases temporal Purgatory.
A Muslim and all the beings will be accountable to Allah on the Day of Judgement.
Means of salvation
Through Christ's Passion, Death, and Resurrection.
Belief in one God, remembrance of God, repentance, fear of God and hope in God's mercy.
Belief
The Nicene Creed sums up Christian belief in the Holy Trinity.
Belief in one God,who has sent messengers with revelation and guidance for humanity so they may be guided to Islam (submission to God) & who have came with both good news and a warning, the last & final messenger being Muhammad صلى الله علي
About
Christianity broadly consists of individuals who believe in the deity Jesus Christ. Its followers, called Christians, often believe Christ is "the Son" of the Holy Trinity and walked the earth as the incarnate form of God ("the Father").
Islam consists of individuals who believe in Allah, a deity whose teachings its followers—Muslims—believe were recorded, verbatim, by the god's last prophet, Muhammad.
Second coming of Jesus
Affirmed.
Affirmed
Definition
Disciple of Jesus Christ.
Islam is an Arabic word for "Submission or surrender in Ultimate Peace".Muslim means a believer in One God (Al-Illah or Allah)
Human Nature
Man has inherited "original sin" from Adam. Mankind then is inherently evil and is in need of forgiveness of sin. By knowing right and wrong Christians choose their actions. Humans are a fallen, broken race in need of salvation and repair by God.
Human beings are not believed to be inherently sinful, but are seen as equally capable of both good and evil. Islam also teaches that faith and action go hand-in-hand.
Religious Law
Has existed among Catholics in the form of canon law.
Sharia law, or law that is loosely or strictly based on the Qur'an and the Hadiths, exists in many countries that have a majority Muslim population. Only some regions with sharia law apply it to judicial or criminal issues.
Geographical distribution and predominance
Europe, North and South America, and Australia and New Zealand.
There are 1.6 billion. By the percentage of the total population in a region considering themselves Muslim, 24.8% in Asia-Oceania, 91.2% in the Middle East-North Africa, 29.6% in Sub-Saharan Africa, around 6.0% in Europe, and 0.6% in the Americas.
View of the Buddha
N/A.
He may be one of the 124,000 Prophets.
Confessing sins
Protestants confess straight to God, Catholic confess mortal sins to a Priest, and venial sins straight to God (Orthodox have similar practice) Anglicans confess to Priests but considered optional. God always forgives sins in Jesus.
The Qur'an asks them to become repentant, seek Allah’s forgiveness, and make a sincere tawba, and assures them that if they do this, Allah will forgive them, and exonerate them from their misdeeds.
Day of worship
Sunday, the Lord's Day.
Prayer five times daily is obligatory. Friday is the day of congregational prayer, obligatory for men, but not for women.
God's role in salvation
Humans cannot save themselves or ascend on their own to a higher level. Only God is good and therefore only God is able to save a person. Jesus came down from Heaven to save mankind.
Islam teaches us that salvation is attainable through the worship of God alone. A person must believe in God and follow His commandments.
Ressurection of Jesus
Affirmed.
Denied because his death is denied. God raised Jesus to him and he will return before end of time.
Prophets
Prophets in the Bible are venerated.
Many from Adam, Abraham, Noah, Jesus etc to Muhammed. There 124,000 prophets but only 25 Prophets known.
Holy Days
Christmas (celebration of the birth of Jesus), Good Friday (death of Jesus), Sunday (day of rest), Easter (resurrection of Jesus), Lent (Catholicism), saints' feast days.
Ramadan (month of fasting), Eid-ul Adha (feast of the sacrifice), Eid-ul Fitr (sweet festival at the end of Ramadan).
Status of Muhammad
N/A.
Deeply loved and revered in Islam, last Prophet, but is not worshipped, only God is worshipped, according to Islam creation is never to be worshipped under any circumstances only the creator
Original Languages
Aramaic, Common (Koine) Greek, Hebrew.
Arabic.
Marriage
A Holy Sacrament.
Islam is totally opposed to monasticism and celibacy. Marriage is an act of Sunnah in Islam and is strongly recommended. Men can onlymarry the people of the book. Women can only marry Muslims man.
Followers
Christian (follwers of Christ)
Muslims
Original Language(s)
Aramaic, Greek, and Latin.
Arabic
Position of Mary
Mother Of God.
Mary receives significant admiration from Muslims. She is said by the Prophet Muhammad to be the best woman God created. She is free of sin as the mother of Jesus.
imams identified as
N/A.
Shiites believe they are the successors of Ali; Sunnis regard them as their clergy.
Abrahamic Lineage
Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
The ancestor of Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم is Abraham (Ibrahim) through his son Ismael.
Views on other religion
Christianity is the True Faith.
Christians, Jews, Sabians and Magians are regarded as the people of the book but are not in the right path.
Jesus
Son Of God.
a Prophet and messenger of God, and his proper name used in the Quran is Isa ibn Maryam [Jesus the son of Mary (not God)]
Symbols
Cross, ichthys ("Jesus fish"), Mary and baby Jesus.
None that are universal, though Muhammad's name in calligraphy is common. The popular star and crescent symbol is also common, but mainly relates to historical and political issues, not necessarily religious ones.
Position of Abraham
Father of the faithful.
A great Prophet.
On Race
All races generally viewed equal in Christianity. However, Bible passages on slavery were used to support the practice in the past in the U.S. The "curse of Ham" was sometimes thought to be black skin; modern interpretations reject this.
Races generally viewed as equal, but those that accept Islam are viewed more favorably than those that do not. "Among His Signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the variations in your languages and your colors..." —Surat 30:22
On Clothing
Conservative Christians dress modestly; women may cover their heads, wear long skirts or dresses; men may wear dress clothes that do not show the chest, legs, and arms. More moderate or liberal Christians generally reject such clothing restrictions.
Women must present themselves modestly to cover hair and body shape. Men must be modestly dressed and covered from waist to knee. In most Muslim culture, women wear a form of the hijab; in some, they must wear the full-body cover known as the burqa.
On Food/Drink
Though the Old Testament of the Bible says certain meats should not be consumed, Christians usually feel this information does not apply to them (in the New Testament) and so eat what they want to eat.
Muslims are only supposed to eat foods that are considered halal.
View of Jesus
God in human form, "Son of God," savior. Death by crucifixion. Most, though not all, of Christians believe Jesus rose from the dead, was taken up into heaven, and will return during an apocalypse.
Prophet from Allah whose message has been misinterpreted or corrupted. In Islam, Jesus did not die, but was taken into heaven. A disciple died instead. Some believe Christ will return in an apocalypse, but the significance of his return varies.
Praying to Saints, Mary, and Angel
Encouraged in the Catholic & Orthodox Churches; most Protestants only pray directly to God.
Shiites ask for Saints' intercession, but, Sunnis do not. Mary is venerated by both Sunnis and Shiites however.
View on Abrahamic religions
All worship the One God.
Believe that Jews & Christians should accept Muhammad as the final Prophet; believe that Baha'is are wrong in believing that Bah-u-llah is a prophet.
Primary God(s)
A single, all-powerful god known as God that is typically thought of in "trinity" form: God, the Father; Christ, the Son; and the Holy Spirit (or Ghost). Not all sects/denominations of Christianity believe in the Trinity.
Only Allah, who is seen as being all-powerful. "They do blaspheme who say: Allah is one of three in a Trinity: for there is no god except One Allah." —Surat Al-Ma'idah 5:73
Founders and Early Leaders
Jesus, Peter, Paul, and the Apostles.
Muhammad, Abu Bakr.
Important Tenets
The Ten Commandments, The Beatitudes.
The Five Pillars of Islam among Sunni Muslims and the Seven Pillars of Islam among Shia Muslims. The Shia Twelvers also have the Ancillaries of the Faith.
Spiritual Beings
Angels, demons, spirits.
Angels, demons, spirits, jinn (genies).
Revered People
Varies by sect/denomination. Saints, the Pope, cardinals, bishops, nuns, church pastors, or deacons.
Prophets, imams (spiritual leaders).
Sacred Texts
Christian Bible (includes </sp