2014-03-05

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Health

In Pregnancy, What You Eat May Be As Important As What You Don't

By Maggie Fox

A new study on diet and pregnancy suggests that what you eat when you are expecting is as important as what you don’t.

Women who ate plenty of fruits and vegetables and who tried to drink water instead of soft drinks were less likely to have premature babies than women who ate more “Western” diets, a big study in Norway has shown.

It wasn’t that women who ate pizza, tacos and sweets were more likely than average to have premature babies, the researchers found. It was that healthier eating lowered the risk by about 15 percent.

Dr Linda Englund-Ögge of Sweden’s Sahlgrenska Academy and colleagues studied a big database of 66,000 Norwegian women who are taking part in a larger study. One of the things they did was fill out a food diary while pregnant.

Englund-Ogge’s team classified their diets into three broad types: a “prudent” diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables and not too much junk food; a “traditional” Nordic diet with boiled potatoes, fish and gravy; and a more typical modern “Western” diet with processed white flour, sweets and snacks.

“Our results indicate that increasing the intake of foods associated with a prudent dietary pattern is more important than totally excluding processed food, fast food, junk food, and snacks,” they wrote in their report, published in the British Medical Journal.

It makes sense, says Dr, Walter Willett, a nutrition expert at the Harvard School of Public Health who was not involved in the study. “It does fit with what we have learned about diet and pregnancy,” he told NBC News.

“Dietary pattern has been linked to a lower risk of diabetes. It has been linked to a lower risk of hypertension.” And high blood sugar and high blood pressure are both big risks in pregnancy that in turn contribute to the risk of pre-term birth.“Those are things that impair development of the fetus,” Willett said.

The U.S. infant mortality rate is higher than in most other developed countries at 6.14 infant deaths per 1,000 births. The average for the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, which groups developed countries, is around 4 per 100,000.

The study doesn't show this, but it's possible poor diet contributes to the high U.S. rate, Willett says.

First published March 4 2014, 3:32 PM

Maggie Fox

Maggie Fox is senior health writer for NBCNews.com and TODAY.com, writing top news on health policy, medical treatments and disease.

She's a former managing editor for healthcare and technology at National Journal and global health and science editor for Reuters based in Washington, D.C. and London.

She's reported for news agencies, radio, newspapers, magazines and television from across Asia, the Middle East, Africa and Europe covering news ranging from war to politics and, of course, health and science. Her reporting has taken Maggie to Lebanon, Syria and Libya; to China, South Korea, Thailand, the Philippines and Pakistan; to Bosnia, Croatia and Serbia and to Ireland and Northern Ireland and across the rest of Europe.

Maggie has won awards from the Society of Business Editors and Writers, the National Immunization Program, the Overseas Press Club and other organizations. She's done fellowships at Harvard Medical School, the National Institutes of Health and the University of Maryland.

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AFP/Getty Images

A new study on diet and pregnancy suggests that what you eat when you are expecting is as important as what you don’t.

Women who ate plenty of fruits and vegetables and who tried to drink water instead of soft drinks were less likely to have premature babies than women who ate more “Western” diets, a big study in Norway has shown.

It wasn’t that women who ate pizza, tacos and sweets were more likely than average to have premature babies, the researchers found. It was that healthier eating lowered the risk by about 15 percent.

Dr Linda Englund-Ögge of Sweden’s Sahlgrenska Academy and colleagues studied a big database of 66,000 Norwegian women who are taking part in a larger study. One of the things they did was fill out a food diary while pregnant.

Englund-Ogge’s team classified their diets into three broad types: a “prudent” diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables and not too much junk food; a “traditional” Nordic diet with boiled potatoes, fish and gravy; and a more typical modern “Western” diet with processed white flour, sweets and snacks.

“Our results indicate that increasing the intake of foods associated with a prudent dietary pattern is more important than totally excluding processed food, fast food, junk food, and snacks,” they wrote in their report, published in the British Medical Journal.

It makes sense, says Dr, Walter Willett, a nutrition expert at the Harvard School of Public Health who was not involved in the study. “It does fit with what we have learned about diet and pregnancy,” he told NBC News.

“Dietary pattern has been linked to a lower risk of diabetes. It has been linked to a lower risk of hypertension.” And high blood sugar and high blood pressure are both big risks in pregnancy that in turn contribute to the risk of pre-term birth.“Those are things that impair development of the fetus,” Willett said.

The U.S. infant mortality rate is higher than in most other developed countries at 6.14 infant deaths per 1,000 births. The average for the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, which groups developed countries, is around 4 per 100,000.

The study doesn't show this, but it's possible poor diet contributes to the high U.S. rate, Willett says.

Maggie Fox

Maggie Fox is senior health writer for NBCNews.com and TODAY.com, writing top news on health policy, medical treatments and disease.

She's a former managing editor for healthcare and technology at National Journal and global health and science editor for Reuters based in Washington, D.C. and London.

She's reported for news agencies, radio, newspapers, magazines and television from across Asia, the Middle East, Africa and Europe covering news ranging from war to politics and, of course, health and science. Her reporting has taken Maggie to Lebanon, Syria and Libya; to China, South Korea, Thailand, the Philippines and Pakistan; to Bosnia, Croatia and Serbia and to Ireland and Northern Ireland and across the rest of Europe.

Maggie has won awards from the Society of Business Editors and Writers, the National Immunization Program, the Overseas Press Club and other organizations. She's done fellowships at Harvard Medical School, the National Institutes of Health and the University of Maryland.

Expand Bio

About Us

Careers

Contact

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Maggie Fox is senior health writer for NBCNews.com and TODAY.com, writing top news on health policy, medical treatments and disease.

She's a former managing editor for healthcare and technology at National Journal and global health and science editor for Reuters based in Washington, D.C. and London.

She's reported for news agencies, radio, newspapers, magazines and television from across Asia, the Middle East, Africa and Europe covering news ranging from war to politics and, of course, health and science. Her reporting has taken Maggie to Lebanon, Syria and Libya; to China, South Korea, Thailand, the Philippines and Pakistan; to Bosnia, Croatia and Serbia and to Ireland and Northern Ireland and across the rest of Europe.

Maggie has won awards from the Society of Business Editors and Writers, the National Immunization Program, the Overseas Press Club and other organizations. She's done fellowships at Harvard Medical School, the National Institutes of Health and the University of Maryland.

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Avoid clicking on ads on mobile devices.

Avoid pornography on mobile.

Consider blocking Web ads as a content category altogether.

Never download an app outside of legitimate marketplaces like the Apple App Store or Google Play.
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Julianne has written for numerous national magazines and online publications, including Self, Popular Mechanics and Esquire.com. She lives in Brooklyn, New York.

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He is slated to appear via videoconference."},{"type":"p","html":"The session will be moderated by Ben Wizner, the director of the American Civil Liberties Union Speech, Privacy & Technology Project — and Snowden's legal adviser."},{"type":"p","html":""The conversation will consider the impact of the NSA's spying efforts on the technology community, and the ways in which technology can help to protect us from mass surveillance," the festival said on its website."},{"type":"p","html":"Snowden is wanted in the U.S. on espionage charges for allegedly pilfering thousands of classified documents from the NSA and turning them over to several journalists who have since published reports about the spy agency's vast surveillance programs."},{"type":"h5","html":"— Daniel Arkin"}],"summary":"The former NSA contractor, who has been living in Russia under temporary asylum, will participate in a South by Southwest event next Monday.","mediaList":null,"breaking_news":false,"show_on_cover":true,"ads_enabled":true,"comments_enabled":true,"search_enabled":true,"native_ad":false,"copyright":null,"cover_art":null,"tease_art":null,"canonical_url":"http://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/edward-snowden-speak-sxsw-festival-n44606","title_url_slug":"edward-snowden-speak-sxsw-festival","original_canonical_url":"http://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/edward-snowden-speak-sxsw-n44606","type":"post","headline":"Edward Snowden to Speak at SXSW Festival","headline_cover":"Edward Snowden to Speak at SXSW Festival","headline_slug":"edward-snowden-speak-sxsw-festival","bylines":null,"first_published_utc":"2014-03-05 04:05:54 Z","last_published_utc":"2014-03-05 04:26:05 Z","sections":[{"title":"News","slug":"news"}],"topics":[{"title":"U.S. news","slug":"us-news"}],"feature":[],"show":[],"storyline":[],"tags":[],"id":"NewsCms/Entry/44606","externalId":"44606","externalSource":"NewsCms","main_art":{"caption":"This June 9, 2013 photo provided by The Guardian Newspaper in London shows Edward Snowden in Hong Kong. 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Single-digit temperatures Tuesday made for a chilly morning commute: Baltimore, where the mercury rose to only 4 degrees early Tuesday, shattered a hundred-year record."},{"type":"p","html":""},{"type":"widget","widget_type":"inline-video","mpxId":"182411331856","guid":"nn_02tco_wx_140304","pubDate":"2014-03-05 00:54:00 Z","expirationDate":"9999-12-31 23:59:59 Z","playbackIsDisabled":false,"availabilityState":"available","title":"Monstrous Winter Brings Record Flight Cancellations","description":"More than 80,000 flights have been cancelled this winter, as bitter cold, ice and snow continues in much of the nation.","thumbnail":"http://media2.s-nbcnews.com/i/MSNBC/Components/Video/__NEW/nn_02tco_wx_140304.jpg","source":"Nightly News","sourceId":"nnd_18424776","canonicalUrl":"http://www.nbcnews.com/watch/nightly-news/monstrous-winter-brings-record-flight-cancellations-182411331856","associatedPlaylistUrl":"http://feed.theplatform.com/f/2E2eJC/nnd_25198763","fallbackPlaylistUrl":"http://feed.theplatform.com/f/2E2eJC/nnd_18424776","workbenchId":"54577618","duration":204},{"type":"p","html":"Accumulated ice and snow were believed to have collapsed the roof of a Dollar General store in Mayfield, Ky., on Tuesday afternoon, authorities said. 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"People have run out of gas, my husband is trapped, very cold and he has no heat.""},{"type":"p","html":"James Metzelaars told the station that he was among those forced to camp out overnight."},{"type":"p","html":""I sat there for 3½ hours and traveled three miles," he said."},{"type":"p","html":"Drivers slid off the road on Highway 150 in Guilford County in central North Carolina, snarling traffic in both directions."},{"type":"p","html":""},{"type":"widget","widget_type":"inline-video","mpxId":"181983299746","guid":"f_ncicyroads_140304","pubDate":"2014-03-04 18:37:00 Z","expirationDate":"9999-12-31 23:59:59 Z","playbackIsDisabled":false,"availabilityState":"available","title":"Icy Roads in North Carolina Snarl Traffic","description":"WXII-TV captures the scene on Highway 150 in Guilford County, North Carolina as icy roads cause some motorists to slide off the road, snarling traffic.","thumbnail":"http://media1.s-nbcnews.com/i/MSNBC/Components/Video/__NEW/f_ncicyroads_140304.jpg","source":"NBC News","sourceId":"nnd_18424752","canonicalUrl":"http://www.nbcnews.com/watch/nbc-news/icy-roads-in-north-carolina-snarl-traffic-181983299746","associatedPlaylistUrl":"http://feed.theplatform.com/f/2E2eJC/nnd_25198763","fallbackPlaylistUrl":"http://feed.theplatform.com/f/2E2eJC/nnd_18424752","workbenchId":"54575017","duration":22},{"type":"p","html":"In Louisiana, Mardi Gras revelers woke up (or just kept partying) to ice and sleet Tuesday morning. Interstate 10 was closed for almost 60 miles for several hours between Lafayette and Lake Charles, and some Mardi Gras events were canceled in both cities."},{"type":"p","html":"All festivities went on, although with lower attendances and shortened parades, in New Orleans."},{"type":"p","html":"Ice cover on the Great Lakes reached 90.5 percent — the most in 19 years and the third-highest on record — according to the Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory. With frigid temperatures persisting, the record of 95 percent could be surpassed before the spring thaw, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration said."},{"type":"p","html":"In southern Texas, more than 7,100 customers remained without power in the Houston area Tuesday afternoon, CenterPoint Energy reported."},{"type":"p","html":""It's horrible," Peggy Perry of Buna told NBC station KBMT of Beaumont. "I can't believe it's been like this so many times. Our electricity is out, and it's been out since about 6:30 this morning.""},{"type":"p","html":""},{"type":"widget","widget_type":"tweet_embed","desktop":"%3Cblockquote%20class=%22twitter-tweet%22%20lang=%22en%22%3E%3Cp%3E.%3Ca%20href=%22https://twitter.com/NWSHouston%22%3E@NWSHouston%3C/a%3E%20Ice%20in%20SW%20Katy.%20Estimating%20close%20to%20but%20under%200.25"%20accretion.%20Roads/sidewalks%20mostly%20ok.%20%3Ca%20href=%22http://t.co/aPBHiwu7DM%22%3Epic.twitter.com/aPBHiwu7DM%3C/a%3E%3C/p%3E-%20Matt%20Lanza%20(@mattlanza)%20%3Ca%20href=%22https://twitter.com/mattlanza/statuses/440820024932958208%22%3EMarch%204,%202014%3C/a%3E%3C/blockquote%3E%20%3Cscript%20async%20src=%22//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js%22%20charset=%22utf-8%22%3E%3C/script%3E"},{"type":"p","html":"The Kentucky Transportation Department, meanwhile, warned drivers that the majority of all roads in the state were covered with snow and ice."},{"type":"p","html":"The frigid storm from out West — which downed power lines and snarled Midwest travel earlier — was blamed for at least seven traffic-related deaths across an icy arc stretching from the Mississippi Valley up the Atlantic Coast."},{"type":"p","html":"The storm also hammered air traffic, with nearly 8,000 flights canceled or delayed Monday and 832 canceled along with 3,903 delayed Tuesday, according to the tracking site FlightAware.com"},{"type":"p","html":""},{"type":"image","url":"http://media3.s-nbcnews.com/i/newscms/2014_10/228201/140304-coast-guard-dog-rescue-jms-2024_204a95cf7bdc93157f235bff5d79e2d0.jpg","caption":"The Coast Guard rescues an injured dog Tuesday on frozen Lake St. Clair, Mich.","credit":"Coast Guard Cutter Bristol Bay","source":"U.S. Coast Guard","title":"Image: Cutter Bristol Bay assists dog stranded on Lake St. Clair","alt_text":"Image: Cutter Bristol Bay assists dog stranded on Lake St. Clair","width":1020,"height":724},{"type":"p","html":"In Michigan, a Coast Guard cutter based in Detroit made its way to Lake St. Clair on Tuesday to rescue an injured dog that was stranded on the ice. The dog, which had severely injured its paws trying to dig a barrier in the ice, was airlifted to safety aboard the Bristol Bay and taken to a shelter for food and treatment, the Coast Guard said."},{"type":"p","html":"Elizabeth Chuck of NBC News contributed to this report."}],"summary":"Ice stranded thousands of motorists in Arkansas, canceled some Mardi Gras festivities and collapsed the roof of a Kentucky store.","mediaList":null,"breaking_news":false,"show_on_cover":true,"ads_enabled":true,"comments_enabled":true,"search_enabled":true,"native_ad":false,"copyright":null,"cover_art":{"caption":"Crew members assigned to Coast Guard Cutter Bristol Bay assist a dog they found stranded on the ice of Lake St. Clair March 4, 2014.The crew transported the dog to the ship and hoisted it aboard, where it was provided food and first aid before being transferred to an area animal shelter for further care.","url":"http://media3.s-nbcnews.com/i/newscms/2014_10/228201/140304-coast-guard-dog-rescue-jms-2024_204a95cf7bdc93157f235bff5d79e2d0.jpg","credit":"Coast Guard Cutter Bristol Bay","source":"U.S. Coast Guard","alt_text":"Image: Cutter Bristol Bay assists dog stranded on Lake St. Clair","width":1020,"height":724,"title":"Image: Cutter Bristol Bay assists dog stranded on Lake St. Clair"},"tease_art":null,"canonical_url":"http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/deep-freeze/big-chill-arctic-cold-encases-east-south-ice-n43016","title_url_slug":"big-chill-arctic-cold-encases-east-south-ice","original_canonical_url":"http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/deep-freeze/march-madness-more-snow-east-coast-n43016","type":"spread","headline":"Big Chill: Arctic Cold Encases East, South in Ice","headline_cover":"Big Chill: Arctic Cold Encases East, South in Ice","headline_slug":"big-chill-arctic-cold-encases-east-south-ice","bylines":[{"type":"Byline","is_vip":false,"city":"Seattle","facebook_page":"https://www.facebook.com/MAlexJohnsonNBC","instagram":null,"professional_title":"Senior Writer","show_or_site":"NBCNews.com","twitter_handle":"MAlexJohnson","email":null,"bio":"

M. Alex Johnson is a senior writer for NBC News covering general news, with an emphasis on explanatory journalism and data analysis. Johnson joined NBCNews.com in January 2000 from The Washington Post, where he was news editor of washingtonpost.com and night city editor of the print edition. He has also worked at the Knight-Ridder Washington bureau, Congressional Quarterly and The Charlotte Observer, where he was part of a team that won the 1987 Pulitzer Gold Medal for Public Service. He is a member of the National Press Club, Investigative Reporters and Editors and the Online News Association.

","name":"M. Alex Johnson","picture":{"credit":null,"caption":"NBCNews.com Senior Writer M. Alex Johnson","url":"http://media4.s-nbcnews.com/i/newscms/2013_52/81996/johnson-alex_e55b003bdd478660d6526c1542c1fe89.jpg","width":480,"height":480}},{"type":"Byline","is_vip":false,"city":"London","facebook_page":null,"instagram":null,"professional_title":"Contributor","show_or_site":null,"twitter_handle":"@henrya1","email":"henry.austin@nbcuni.com","bio":"

Henry Austin joined NBC News as a contributor in June 2013, and covers domestic and foreign breaking stories for NBCNews.com. Austin joined NBC News after more than 10 years as a reporter. After starting at British press agency South West News Service, he moved to British newspapers The Sun and The People, before relocating to Canada to help set up press agency Hot News. There, he covered U.S. news stories for a variety of newspapers and magazines around the world.

He lives in London and works out of the NBC News London bureau.

","name":"Henry Austin","picture":null}],"first_published_utc":"2014-03-03 14:27:24 Z","last_published_utc":"2014-03-05 04:08:19 Z","sections":[{"title":"News","slug":"news"}],"topics":[{"title":"Weather","slug":"weather"},{"title":"Travel","slug":"travel"}],"feature":[],"show":[],"storyline":[{"title":"Deep Freeze","slug":"deep-freeze"}],"tags":[],"id":"NewsCms/Entry/43016","externalId":"43016","externalSource":"NewsCms","main_art":{"caption":"A traveler walks on a concourse at Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport on Monday, March 3, 2014. Snow and low temperatures gripped the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast, causing more than than 2,700 flight cancellations in the United States as of Monday afternoon, according to flight tracking site FlightAware.com.","url":"http://media1.s-nbcnews.com/i/newscms/2014_10/225846/140304-airport-0712_a3a281ed970b033414e099ec2f498c1b.jpg","credit":"Patrick Semansky","source":"AP","alt_text":"Image:","width":2500,"height":1666,"title":""}}]};

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