The function of a chimney is twofold. Combustion products are removed from the home, and a draft is created which draws air into the appliance or open fire to allow safe combustion to take place. When both these functions are being performed efficiently, risks are minimised to both life and property.
Where the chimney`s function is impeded by damage or lack of maintenance and in need of repair, there is not only a risk of chimney fire, but also of carbon monoxide poisoning. For this reason, it is essential that all chimneys are regularly maintained and cleaned.
Following these simple tips will bring peace of mind as well as ensuring an efficient and fully functional chimney.
Have your chimney regularly and professionally cleaned
The National Association of Chimney Sweeps recommends the following intervals between sweeping for appliances burning the following fuels:
- Wood – Every three months
- Domestic coal – Every six months
- Smokeless coal – Once a year
- Gas or oil – Once a year
The build-up of combustion products within the chimney cannot be seen, but is constantly increasing layer upon layer every time the chimney is used. Even smokeless fuels leave deposits, though at a lower rate than other kinds of fuel.
Domestic coal produces a good deal of soot. Additionally, these coals are more likely to send sparks up the chimney, leading to a risk of igniting any sooty deposits and hence chimney fires.
Burning wood can be even more problematic due to the likelihood of their combustion producing a good deal of creosote. This coats the internal surface of the chimney in thick tarry deposit which is not only highly flammable but very difficult to remove by sweeping.
Poorly seasoned wood is especially likely to create higher levels of creosote, and so obtaining a source of properly seasoned wood is important. Aim for a moisture content of 25% or lower to minimise the risks from creosote build-up. Regular and frequent sweeping is also essential.
Properly maintained and regularly serviced gas and oil burning appliances should produce fewer problems with combustion products. Oil produces more soot than gas which is fairly clean burning.
Have your chimney inspected annually
A qualified professional should inspect your chimney for damage and deterioration. A chimney must be structurally sound in order to perform its function safely and effectively.
When moving to a new property, it is important to have any chimney thoroughly looked over and checked by a suitably certified expert before use.
Install a chimney cap
If your chimney does not already have a cap installed, it is a good idea to have one fitted. Debris falling into the chimney from outside is a common cause of blocked flues.
In addition, a chimney cap reduces downdrafts which might disrupt the draft and the airflow to the combustion area. Any hot embers which might make their way up the chimney will also be stopped by a cap before they can fly onto the roof.
Install and regularly check a carbon monoxide detector
If your chimney is performing well, is regularly maintained and structurally sound, the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning in the home is minimised. However, carbon monoxide is extremely toxic and can be fatal. Wherever there is combustion within the home, there should be a working carbon monoxide detector.