NOSEBLEED IN ADULTS, CHILDREN IN PREGNANCY
Bleeding from the nose (epistaxis) is usually a harmless phenomenon, but may appear in the form of stronger bleeding that threaten life. Blood from the nose can be caused by the break of capillaries in the nose that where capillary bleeding usually occurs in the locus Kiesselbach - and, artery bleeding usually is caused by rupture of a blood vessel (e.g., trauma, hypertensive, etc.).
Nosebleed in adults; CAUSES
The causes of nosebleeds can be various, but appear spontaneous as a habitual bleeding, which makes up about 90% of all cases, bleeding polyp mucosal septum, traumatic bleeding, mucosal injury foreign body and malignant tumours of the nasal cavity and prenasal sinuses. In common causes are infections of the upper respiratory tract, cardiovascular diseases (high blood pressure and arteriosclerosis) and haemorrhagic diathesis. Causes of nosebleeds may also be under the influence of external factors, for example fractures of the nasal bone: Even blowing your nose can cause it. These bleedings are not serious. In cases of accidents blood from the nose may indicate a break of the skull in those cases help is urgently needed. Nose bleeding blood in adults may occur in the event of physical effort, congestion in terms of low air pressure (walks in the mountains, fly). Physical load (anxiety, stress) is associated with high blood pressure which can cause this phenomenon. In such cases you should call your doctor. Tumours of sinuses and nasal cavity, congenital malformations of blood vessels, inherited diseases of nasal septum, high blood pressure, heart disease, liver and kidneys usually have resulted in bleeding from the nose. It can also occur with high temperature as accompanying symptom of acute infections. Women often suffer from nosebleeds during ministrations. If they have been using drugs such as aspirin, Andol, Midol, Anbol (which significantly thin the blood) they may be more common susceptible to bleeding.
Why nosebleed occurs?
The nasal cavity is one of the respiratory organs. It is the first barrier where from the air we breathe in, retain particles of a certain size that should not go into the lungs. More important role is to carry out the preparation of air for the lungs, so it is heated, filtered and moistened. The inside of nose is lined with mucous membranes which heat the air. Mucus membranes of nose contains capillaries that provide the heat and play a role as a heater that warms inhaled air: So heated air enters the lungs. Capillaries are sensitive and can get easily damaged particularly in the cartilage of the nasal septum, at a place called medical locus Kiesselbach. Capillaries on this site are arranged relatively unprotected, and if damaged they will bleed. Bleeding intensity can range from weak where we do not notice it to strong that the blood leaks from the nose in jet streams. Also blood can go to the pharynx.
Nosebleeds in children
Leakage of blood from the nose in children is much more frequent than in adults. Reason for this is because the nasal mucosa capillaries are still weak, the nosebleed often occurs. The parents whose children have a tendency to haemorrhage would not have to raise panic. Sometimes just just-picking, wiping nose and sneezing can cause this problem, so it does not have to be injury of nose due to cold or some other factor. A good prevention is often to ventilate rooms where children stay because it is known that dry air dries out the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity and therefore bleeding can occur more easily. Consult with the child's paediatrician and mention this problem to a physician who can determine that it is not the case of a serious disease such as high blood pressure, haemophilia and other coagulation disorders. In these cases stopping the bleeding is easily doable at home and in this article we will present a number of techniques and methods.
How to stop a nosebleed
First aid for a nosebleed is soothing patients and putting them in a sitting position with the head tilted forward.
Strongly press both nostrils and hold for couple of minutes. Put cold compresses on the back of the head.
If necessary local treatments in the clinic can be implemented in the form of cauterization of the mucosal nasal packing and nasal cavity.
Medicinal herbs that stop the bleeding
When asked how to stop the bleeding from the nose answers can be found in medicinal herbs: put on the back of the neck and the nose cold compress soaked with witch hazel (diluted) and hold for several of minutes. North - American Indians attach enormous importance on Hamamelis especially for healing of wounds. If you are not able to get this herb as first aid you can also use marigold tincture. You just need to soak a cotton ball with the tincture and hold for a few minutes under the nose.
Nosebleeds in pregnancy
Nosebleed during pregnancy is quite common especially because of the high concentration of hormones and the impact on peripheral blood vessels. Not to rule out other changes such as nasal congestion during pregnancy, swollen mucous membranes, straining during sickness caused by the capillary in the nose and such. Pregnant women should definitely should contact a doctor and draw attention to this problem, first of all to be mentally stable over the next 9 months, because often nosebleed undermine the mood of expectant mothers.
How to stop nosebleeds in adults
Although we already mentioned how to independently stop the bleeding at home, we will give you a few tips on how to avoid triggering a new nose bleed. An advice that has already been discussed is regularly ventilation of rooms. If bleeding did occur and you successfully stopped it without medical intervention, note that immediately after this you should not drink hot drinks (coffee or tea) nor should immediately eat something. Warm beverages and foods raise blood pressure and dilate blood vessels, and bleeding may reoccur. Be sure to inspect your blood pressure. A good prevention are ice cubes that you can be put between your eyebrows bridge of the nose, and neck. In this way we narrow the blood vessels and significantly slow down the swelling of blood. Also folk medicine recommends to use a little of lavender or lemon juice to close the blood vessel. Mucus of the nose should always be damp and this will be achieved by regular consumption of water (8 glasses a day) and eating large quantities of fruits and vegetables per day because they are rich in vitamin C. Also recommended is cleaning the inside of the nostrils with vaseline or saline fluid (500 ml of boiling water and a teaspoon of salt).
We hope these tips help, what is certainly the most important is that if bleeding does occur remain calm and not to panic. Nose bleeding in almost 90% of cases is resolved spontaneously and without the need for medical intervention. Only if it lasts longer than 30 minutes report to a clinic.