2015-03-23

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Systems Performance,Enterprise and the Cloud
The Complete Guide to Optimizing Systems Performance Written by the winner of the 2013 LISA Award for Outstanding Achievement in System Administration Large-scale enterprise, cloud, and virtualized computing systems have introduced serious performance challenges. Now, internationally renowned performance expert Brendan Gregg has brought together proven methodologies, tools, and metrics for analyzing and tuning even the most complex environments. Systems Performance: Enterprise and the Cloud focuses on Linux® and Unix® performance, while illuminating performance issues that are relevant to all operating systems. You'll gain deep insight into how systems work and perform, and learn methodologies for analyzing and improving system and application performance. Gregg presents examples from bare-metal systems and virtualized cloud tenants running Linux-based Ubuntu®, Fedora®, CentOS, and the illumos-based Joyent® SmartOS™ and OmniTI OmniOS®. He systematically covers modern systems performance, including the “traditional” analysis of CPUs, memory, disks, and networks, and new areas including cloud computing and dynamic tracing. This book also helps you identify and fix the “unknown unknowns” of complex performance: bottlenecks that emerge from elements and interactions you were not aware of. The text concludes with a detailed case study, showing how a real cloud customer issue was analyzed from start to finish. Coverage includes • Modern performance analysis and tuning: terminology, concepts, models, methods, and techniques • Dynamic tracing techniques and tools, including examples of DTrace, SystemTap, and perf • Kernel internals: uncovering what the OS is doing • Using system observability tools, interfaces, and frameworks • Understanding and monitoring application performance • Optimizing CPUs: processors, cores, hardware threads, caches, interconnects, and kernel scheduling • Memory optimization: virtual memory, paging, swapping, memory architectures, busses, address spaces, and allocators • File system I/O, including caching • Storage devices/controllers, disk I/O workloads, RAID, and kernel I/O • Network-related performance issues: protocols, sockets, interfaces, and physical connections • Performance implications of OS and hardware-based virtualization, and new issues encountered with cloud computing • Benchmarking: getting accurate results and avoiding common mistakes This guide is indispensable for anyone who operates enterprise or cloud environments: system, network, database, and web admins; developers; and other professionals. For students and others new to optimization, it also provides exercises reflecting Gregg's extensive instructional experience.
by Brendan Gregg
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Getting Started With IBM Enterprise Cloud System,
This IBM® Redbooks® publication introduces the IBM Enterprise Cloud System to new users of IBM System z®. We include high-level descriptions of this solution, its value and architecture, and how best to get started. The Enterprise Cloud System is a pre-integrated cloud infrastructure solution that is designed to help you meet the unique needs of hosting enterprise grade applications in the cloud, quickly and affordably. In uniting the IBM leading mainframe, storage, and software technologies, the Enterprise Cloud System delivers a ready-to-use, easy-to-consume, highly manageable cloud. This enables service providers to rapidly deploy a trusted, scalable, OpenStack-managed, Linux-based cloud environment. With the ability to start small and scale up to 6,000 virtual machines (VMs) in a single footprint, this solution can provide superior service for half the cost of x86-based public or private cloud alternatives. The Enterprise Cloud System provides the tools to create and manage cloud environments and to build complex workflows for deployment as patterns for later reuse. The scenarios in this book identify the required components and steps to build and deploy specific cloud services. This book is directed to IT architects and systems administrators who perform the following tasks: Manage and operate an Enterprise Cloud System infrastructure Develop and deploy services Monitor Enterprise Cloud System performance Back up and restore data
by Bill White
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The Practice of Cloud System Administration,Designing and Operating Large Distributed Systems
“There’s an incredible amount of depth and thinking in the practicesdescribed here, and it’s impressive to see it all in one place.” –Win Treese, coauthor of Designing Systems for Internet Commerce The Practice of Cloud System Administration, Volume 2, focuses on “distributed” or “cloud” computing and brings a DevOps/SRE sensibility to the practice of system administration. Unsatisfied with books that cover either design or operations in isolation, the authors created this authoritative reference centered on a comprehensive approach. Case studies and examples from Google, Etsy, Twitter, Facebook, Netflix, Amazon, and other industry giants are explained in practical ways that are useful to all enterprises. The new companion to the best-selling first volume, The Practice of System and Network Administration, Second Edition, this guide offers expert coverage of the following and many other crucial topics: Designing and building modern web and distributed systems Fundamentals of large system design Understand the new software engineering implications of cloud administration Make systems that are resilient to failure and grow and scale dynamically Implement DevOps principles and cultural changes IaaS/PaaS/SaaS and virtual platform selection Operating and running systems using the latest DevOps/SRE strategies Upgrade production systems with zero down-time What and how to automate; how to decide what not to automate On-call best practices that improve uptime Why distributed systems require fundamentally different system administration techniques Identify and resolve resiliency problems before they surprise you Assessing and evaluating your team’s operational effectiveness Manage the scientific process of continuous improvement A forty-page, pain-free assessment system you can start using today
by Thomas A. Limoncelli
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Handbook of Cloud Computing,
Cloud computing has become a significant technology trend. Experts believe cloud computing is currently reshaping information technology and the IT marketplace. The advantages of using cloud computing include cost savings, speed to market, access to greater computing resources, high availability, and scalability. Handbook of Cloud Computing includes contributions from world experts in the field of cloud computing from academia, research laboratories and private industry. This book presents the systems, tools, and services of the leading providers of cloud computing; including Google, Yahoo, Amazon, IBM, and Microsoft. The basic concepts of cloud computing and cloud computing applications are also introduced. Current and future technologies applied in cloud computing are also discussed. Case studies, examples, and exercises are provided throughout. Handbook of Cloud Computing is intended for advanced-level students and researchers in computer science and electrical engineering as a reference book. This handbook is also beneficial to computer and system infrastructure designers, developers, business managers, entrepreneurs and investors within the cloud computing related industry.
by Borko Furht
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Temporal QOS Management in Scientific Cloud Workflow Systems,
Cloud computing can provide virtually unlimited scalable high performance computing resources. Cloud workflows often underlie many large scale data/computation intensive e-science applications such as earthquake modelling, weather forecasting and astrophysics. During application modelling, these sophisticated processes are redesigned as cloud workflows, and at runtime, the models are executed by employing the supercomputing and data sharing ability of the underlying cloud computing infrastructures. Temporal QOS Management in Scientific Cloud Workflow Systems focuses on real world scientific applications which often must be completed by satisfying a set of temporal constraints such as milestones and deadlines. Meanwhile, activity duration, as a measurement of system performance, often needs to be monitored and controlled. This book demonstrates how to guarantee on-time completion of most, if not all, workflow applications. Offering a comprehensive framework to support the lifecycle of time-constrained workflow applications, this book will enhance the overall performance and usability of scientific cloud workflow systems. Explains how to reduce the cost to detect and handle temporal violations while delivering high quality of service (QoS) Offers new concepts, innovative strategies and algorithms to support large-scale sophisticated applications in the cloud Improves the overall performance and usability of cloud workflow systems
by Xiao Liu
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Cloud Computing,Methodology, Systems, and Applications
Cloud computing has created a shift from the use of physical hardware and locally managed software-enabled platforms to that of virtualized cloud-hosted services. Cloud assembles large networks of virtual services, including hardware (CPU, storage, and network) and software resources (databases, message queuing systems, monitoring systems, and load-balancers). As Cloud continues to revolutionize applications in academia, industry, government, and many other fields, the transition to this efficient and flexible platform presents serious challenges at both theoretical and practical levels—ones that will often require new approaches and practices in all areas. Comprehensive and timely, Cloud Computing: Methodology, Systems, and Applications summarizes progress in state-of-the-art research and offers step-by-step instruction on how to implement it. Summarizes Cloud Developments, Identifies Research Challenges, and Outlines Future Directions Ideal for a broad audience that includes researchers, engineers, IT professionals, and graduate students, this book is designed in three sections: Fundamentals of Cloud Computing: Concept, Methodology, and Overview Cloud Computing Functionalities and Provisioning Case Studies, Applications, and Future Directions It addresses the obvious technical aspects of using Cloud but goes beyond, exploring the cultural/social and regulatory/legal challenges that are quickly coming to the forefront of discussion. Properly applied as part of an overall IT strategy, Cloud can help small and medium business enterprises (SMEs) and governments in optimizing expenditure on application-hosting infrastructure. This material outlines a strategy for using Cloud to exploit opportunities in areas including, but not limited to, government, research, business, high-performance computing, web hosting, social networking, and multimedia. With contributions from a host of internationally recognized researchers, this reference delves into everything from necessary changes in users’ initial mindset to actual physical requirements for the successful integration of Cloud into existing in-house infrastructure. Using case studies throughout to reinforce concepts, this book also addresses recent advances and future directions in methodologies, taxonomies, IaaS/SaaS, data management and processing, programming models, and applications.
by Lizhe Wang
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Moving To The Cloud,Developing Apps in the New World of Cloud Computing
Moving to the Cloud provides an in-depth introduction to cloud computing models, cloud platforms, application development paradigms, concepts and technologies. The authors particularly examine cloud platforms that are in use today. They also describe programming APIs and compare the technologies that underlie them. The basic foundations needed for developing both client-side and cloud-side applications covering compute/storage scaling, data parallelism, virtualization, MapReduce, RIA, SaaS and Mashups are covered. Approaches to address key challenges of a cloud infrastructure, such as scalability, availability, multi-tenancy, security and management are addressed. The book also lays out the key open issues and emerging cloud standards that will drive the continuing evolution of cloud computing. Includes complex case studies of cloud solutions by cloud experts from Yahoo! , Amazon, Microsoft, IBM, Adobe and HP Labs. Presents insights and techniques for creating compelling rich client applications that interact with cloud services. Demonstrates and distinguishes features of different cloud platforms using simple to complex API programming examples.
by Dinkar Sitaram
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Cloud Dynamics,
Clouds play a critical role in the Earth's climate, general atmospheric circulation, and global water balance. Clouds are essential elements in mesoscale meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, air pollution, atmosphericradiation, and weather forecasting, and thus must be understood by any student or researcher in the atmospheric sciences. Cloud Dynamics provides a skillful and comprehensive examination of the nature of clouds--what they look like and why, how scientists observe them, and the basic dynamics and physics that underlie them. The book describes the mechanics governing each type of cloud that occurs in Earth's atmosphere, and the organization of various types of clouds in larger weather systems such as fronts, thunderstorms, and hurricanes.This book is aimed specifically at graduate students, advanced undergraduates, practicing researchers either already in atmospheric science or moving in from a related scientific field, and operational meteorologists. Some prior knowledge of atmospheric dynamics and physics is helpful, but a thorough overview of the necessary prerequisites is supplied. Key Features * Key Highlights of This Text * Provides a complete treatment of clouds integrating the analysis of air motions with cloud structure, microphysics, and precipitation mechanics * Describes and explains the basic types of clouds and cloud systems that occur in the atmosphere-fog, stratus, stratocumulus, altocumulus, altostratus, cirrus, thunderstorms, tornadoes, waterspouts, orographically induced clouds, mesoscale convection complexes, hurricanes, fronts, and extratropical cyclones * Presents a photographic guide, presented in the first chapter, linking the examination of each type of cloud with an image to enhance visual retention and understanding * Summarizes the fundamentals, both observational and theoretical, of atmospheric dynamics, thermodynamics, cloud microphysics, and radar meteorology, allowing each type of cloud to be examined in depth * Integrates the latest field observations, numerical model simulations, and theory * Supplies a theoretical treatment suitable for the advanced undergraduate or graduate level
by Robert A. Houze, Jr.
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The Design of Cloud Workflow Systems,
Cloud computing is the latest market-oriented computing paradigm which brings software design and development into a new era characterized by “XaaS”, i.e. everything as a service. Cloud workflows, as typical software applications in the cloud, are composed of a set of partially ordered cloud software services to achieve specific goals. However, due to the low QoS (quality of service) nature of the cloud environment, the design of workflow systems in the cloud becomes a challenging issue for the delivery of high quality cloud workflow applications. To address such an issue, this book presents a systematic investigation to the three critical aspects for the design of a cloud workflow system, viz. system architecture, system functionality and quality of service. Specifically, the system architecture for a cloud workflow system is designed based on the general four-layer cloud architecture, viz. application layer, platform layer, unified resources layer and fabric layer. The system functionality for a cloud workflow system is designed based on the general workflow reference model but with significant extensions to accommodate software services in the cloud. The support of QoS is critical for the quality of cloud workflow applications. This book presents a generic framework to facilitate a unified design and development process for software components that deliver lifecycle support for different QoS requirements. While the general QoS requirements for cloud workflow applications can have many dimensions, this book mainly focuses on three of the most important ones, viz. performance, reliability and security. In this book, the architecture, functionality and QoS management of our SwinDeW-C prototype cloud workflow system are demonstrated in detail as a case study to evaluate our generic design for cloud workflow systems. To conclude, this book offers a general overview of cloud workflow systems and provides comprehensive introductions to the design of the system architecture, system functionality and QoS management.
by Xiao Liu
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Cloud Computing,First International Conference, CloudCom 2009, Beijing, China, December 1-4, 2009, Proceedings
This volume contains the proceedings of CloudCom 2009, the First Inter- tional Conference on Cloud Computing. The conference was held in Beijing, China, during December 1–4, 2009, and was the ?rst in a series initiated by the Cloud Computing Association (www.cloudcom.org). The Cloud Computing Association was founded in 2009 by Chunming Rong, Martin Gilje Jaatun, and Frode Eika Sandnes. This ?rst conference was organized by the Beijing Ji- tong University, Chinese Institute of Electronics, and Wuhan University, and co-organized by Huazhong University of Science and Technology, South China Normal University, and Sun Yat-sen University. Ever since the inception of the Internet, a “Cloud” has been used as a metaphor for a network-accessible infrastructure (e.g., data storage, computing hardware, or entire networks) which is hidden from users. To some, the concept of cloud computing may seem like a throwback to the days of big mainframe computers, but we believe that cloud computing makes data truly mobile, - lowing a user to access services anywhere, anytime, with any Internet browser. In cloud computing, IT-related capabilities are provided as services, accessible without requiring control of, or even knowledge of, the underlying technology. Cloud computing provides dynamic scalability of services and computing power, and although many mature technologies are used as components in cloud c- puting, there are still many unresolved and open problems.
by Martin Gilje Jaatun
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Deploying a Cloud on IBM System z,
Cloud computing, using shared resources in public spaces instead of in-house IT organizations, is the latest thing in IT. Lines of business even bypass their own IT shops to take advantage of external providers of cloud offerings. However, many of the users that employ public cloud services have not considered issues involving security, compliance, and availability. Cloud represents a new business model that requires a process discipline as well as the use of a corresponding set of technologies. The new model requires an understanding of the hardware configuration, software images, a virtualized storage infrastructure, and network management. For many organizations that have mainframe resources, the IT professionals already manage these different disciplines and aspects of resources as part of their overall management of the platform. The mainframe's proven capability to efficiently and securely provide virtualization, combined with the existing skills in the IT organization, suggest that in-house mainframe resources provide an ideal environment in which to pilot cloud computing. This IBM® RedpaperTM document describes the steps we took to create an environment that can efficiently deploy and manage a cloud in a Linux®-based Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).
by Mike Buzzetti
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Cloud Computing,Principles, Systems and Applications
Cloud computing continues to emerge as a subject of substantial industrial and academic interest. Although the meaning and scope of “cloud computing” continues to be debated, the current notion of clouds blurs the distinctions between grid services, web services, and data centers, among other areas. Clouds also bring considerations of lowering the cost for relatively bursty applications to the fore. Cloud Computing: Principles, Systems and Applications is an essential reference/guide that provides thorough and timely examination of the services, interfaces and types of applications that can be executed on cloud-based systems. The book identifies and highlights state-of-the-art techniques and methods for designing cloud systems, presents mechanisms and schemes for linking clouds to economic activities, and offers balanced coverage of all related technologies that collectively contribute towards the realization of cloud computing. With an emphasis on the conceptual and systemic links between cloud computing and other distributed computing approaches, this text also addresses the practical importance of efficiency, scalability, robustness and security as the four cornerstones of quality of service. Topics and features: explores the relationship of cloud computing to other distributed computing paradigms, namely peer-to-peer, grids, high performance computing and web services; presents the principles, techniques, protocols and algorithms that can be adapted from other distributed computing paradigms to the development of successful clouds; includes a Foreword by Professor Mark Baker of the University of Reading, UK; examines current cloud-practical applications and highlights early deployment experiences; elaborates the economic schemes needed for clouds to become viable business models. This book will serve as a comprehensive reference for researchers and students engaged in cloud computing. Professional system architects, technical managers, and IT consultants will also find this unique text a practical guide to the application and delivery of commercial cloud services. Prof. Nick Antonopoulos is Head of the School of Computing, University of Derby, UK. Dr. Lee Gillam is a Lecturer in the Department of Computing at the University of Surrey, UK.
by Nikos Antonopoulos
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Cloud forms according to the international system of classification ...,

by United States. Weather Bureau
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Light Scattering Reviews 3,Light Scattering and Reflection
This will be the 3rd volume of a Light Scattering Reviews series devoted to current knowledge of light scattering problems and both experimental and theoretical research techniques related to their solution. This volume will cover applications in remote sensing, inverse problems and geophysics, with a particular focus on terrestrial clouds. Clouds have an extremely complex structure and their influence on climate is poorly understood. Therefore, studies of clouds using ground-based, airborne, shipborne and satellite optical instrumentation are of great importance. The theoretical aspects of this problem constitute the main emphasis of this work.
by Alexander A. Kokhanovsky
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CLOUD COMPUTING,BASED PROJECTS USING DISTRIBUTED ARCHITECTURE
Development of software projects is a part of the curriculum of under-graduate and postgraduate courses. The main objective of this book is to expose the students and professionals to the latest technology, relevant theory and software development tools. This book serves as a guide to design and develop the cloud computing-based software projects using distributed architecture. It consolidates the theory, upcoming technologies and development tools for the development of two software projects—Outstation Claim Management System (OCMS) and Retirement Benefit Calculation System (RBCS). Both the projects start with the feasibility study to understand and appreciate the problem. After understanding the problem and identifying the suitable software, hardware and network environment, the problem is formally depicted using the entity relationship model and data flow diagrams. This is followed by normali-zation, creation of tables and procedures. In the book, Oracle, PL/SQL, Internet Developer Suite (IDS) and .Net framework are used to develop the full-fledged GUI-based applications. The book elaborates the problem, providing logic and interface screens to design and develop the projects using any other programming language and GUI tool in which the students are comfortable with. The book also includes a CD-ROM, which contains the source codes of OCMS and RBCS. The book is meant for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of Computer Science, Computer Applications and Information Technology. Besides, it would also be useful to the professionals to enhance their technical skills. After going through this book, the students/professionals will be able to: Work on real-life projects.Implement the SDLC in software projects.Design the data flow diagrams and entity relationship diagrams.Use the database and normalization in software projects.Do the corrective, adaptive and perfective maintenance of a software.Learn the concepts related to IaaS, PaaS and SaaS of Cloud Computing.
by PRANAB KUMAR DAS GUPTA
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