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{{Infobox Australian place | type = city
| name = Sale
| state = vic
| image = VM 0233 Sale centre city street.jpg
| caption = View of the Sale town centre toward the mall
| latd =38|latm =06|lats =
| longd =147 |longm =04 |longs =
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Wellington Shire, Victoria
| use_lga_map = yes
| pop = 13,186<ref name="2011 Census QuickStats: Sale">{{cite web|title=2011 Census QuickStats: Sale|url=http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/quickstat/SSC21179?opendocument&navpos=220|publisher=Australia Bureau of Statistics|accessdate=17 December 2012}}</ref>
| pop_footnotes =
| poprank =
| density =
| est = 1851
| area =
| timezone =
| utc =
| timezone-dst =
| utc-dst =
| lga = Shire of Wellington
| stategov = [[Electoral district of Gippsland South|Gippsland South]]
| fedgov = [[Division of Gippsland|Gippsland]]
| dist1 = 212
| location1= Melbourne
| near-nw = [[Maffra, Victoria|Maffra]]
| near-n = [[Stratford, Victoria|Stratford]]
| near-ne = Airly
| near-w = [[Rosedale, Victoria|Rosedale]]
| near-e = Cobains
| near-sw = Pearsondale
| near-s = [[Longford, Victoria|Longford]]
| near-se = Dutson
}}
'''Sale''' is a city in the Gippsland region of the [[Australia]]n state of [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]. It has a population (2011) of 13,186.<ref name="2011 Census QuickStats: Sale"/> Sale has seen much redevelopment and development in the past decade one example being the multi-million dollar redevelopment of the city's Port of Sale.<ref>http://www.wellington.vic.gov.au/page/page.asp?page_id=777</ref>
==History==
Two famous [[Gippsland]] explorers, [[Paweł Edmund Strzelecki|Paul Strzelecki]] and [[Angus McMillan]], passed through the immediate area around 1840. The first white settler was Archibald McIntosh who arrived in 1844 and established his 'Flooding Creek' property on the flood plain country which was duly inundated soon after his arrival.
In the 1840s, drovers heading south to [[Port Albert, Victoria|Port Albert]] crossed Flooding Creek and were confronted with the difficult marsh country around the [[Thomson River (Victoria)|Thomson]] and [[Latrobe River|Latrobe]] rivers. A punt operated across the Latrobe River until a toll bridge was erected. A Post Office named Flooding Creek opened here on 30 September 1848 being renamed, somewhat belatedly, as Sale on 1 January 1854.<ref name = "a">{{Citation | last = Premier Postal History | title = Post Office List | url = https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=VIC&country= | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}</ref>
The first town plots went on sale in 1850. When the new settlement was gazetted in 1851 it was named 'Sale' — a tribute to [[Robert Henry Sale|General Sir Robert Sale]], a British army officer who won fame in the [[First Anglo-Afghan War|first Afghan war]] before being killed in battle in India in 1845. An [[SBS TV]] documentary "Afghanistan: The Great Game" <ref>Series 1, Episode 1, aired 26 September 2012</ref> claims that it is actually named after his wife, Lady Florentia Sale (1790-1853), who wrote a famous journal of her experiences during the First Afghan War which became a best seller in the 1840s and was serialised in ''[[The Times]]'' (UK) and possibly in Australia. Certainly, her letters to her husband were enthusiastically published in Australian papers.<ref>''Southern Australian'', Adelaide, Tuesday 25 October 1842, p. 2</ref>
The town greatly benefitted from the [[Victorian Gold Rush|1851 gold rush]] at [[Omeo, Victoria|Omeo]] as it was situated on the Port Albert to Omeo route and was an important base for the goldfields, until the arrival of the [[Gippsland Railway|railways]]. It was also an important service centre for East Gippsland and the [[Monaro, New South Wales|Monaro Plains]] of [[New South Wales]]. A building boom took place c. 1855–65.
In 1863 the population of Sale reached 1800 and it became a borough. The courthouse opened the following year. Shops, hotels and offices spilled over into Raymond Street and the first Anglican Church was erected on the site now occupied by St Anne's and Gippsland Grammar School. The Gippsland Times newspaper was established in 1861 while the first Star Hotel and the Criterion Hotel were built in 1865.
[[St Paul's Cathedral, Sale|St Paul's Cathedral]] is the cathedral church of the Anglican Diocese of Gippsland in Australia. The cathedral building, built in 1884, is a double storey building with a rectangular footprint and is constructed of red brick and slate roofing.
[[File:VM 0232 Sale - Cobb and Co Stables.jpg|thumb|left|Cobb & Co. Stables in Sale (2008)]]
In terms of access, the first reasonable road from Melbourne arrived in 1865 and [[Cobb and Co]] established a rough-and-ready 24-hour coach service linking Melbourne and Sale. The Latrobe Wharf was built in the 1870s and two hotels emerged to exploit the new centre of activity. It was located near the present swing bridge although little is left.
[[Anthony Trollope]] visited Sale in 1872. Writing of the experience in Australia and New Zealand (1873) he spoke of the town's 'innumerable hotels' and concluded from his impressions that the Aborigines had little chance of surviving as a race. The children's author [[Mary Grant Bruce]] was born in the town in 1878.
A two-storey post office, with clock tower, was built in 1884 (it was demolished in 1963). [[HM Prison Sale]] was completed in 1887 and it operated for 110 years until it was replaced by a private [[Fulham Correctional Centre]]. The building has since been demolished, with only part of the large brick fencing still remaining.
[[File:VM 0239 Sale Wesleyan Methodist Sunday School - Bakery.jpg|thumb|Former Wesleyan Methodist Church (now, a bakery)]]
Other landmarks in the town include Our Lady of Sion Convent and the Criterion Hotel. The former was designed by architects Reed, Smart and Tappin and built 1892-1901. Assembly halls and dormitory rear wing were added in 1938; the residential wing was added in 1953. The building is listed on the [[Register of the National Estate]].<ref>The Heritage of Australia, Macmillan Publishers, 1981, p.3/133</ref> The Criterion Hotel was built in 1865. It originally had a two-storey timber verandah, but this was replaced by a cast iron verandah between 1880 and 1900. It is considered "one of the most impressive hostelries in Victoria" and is listed on the Register of the National Estate.<ref>The Heritage of Australia, p.3/134</ref> The Criterion Hotel closed in 2006 and its rapidly deteriorating condition caused local concern that it would be demolished. However, the site was subsequently purchased by a Traralgon-based developer who had previous expertise in restoration of commercial buildings. The Criterion received a complete rebuild in 2010/11 with the external heritage facade and verandah fully restored. It re-opened as a hotel, function venue and restaurant early in 2013.
With the growth of shipping on the local waterways and the [[Gippsland Lakes]] (and the establishment of a [[Sale railway station, Victoria|railhead at Sale]] in 1879) schemes emerged to develop Sale as a port. The construction of the Sale Canal (complete with turning circle) duly commenced in the 1880s, thereby linking the town via the Thomson River and the Gippsland Lakes to the open sea. It was completed in 1890. Other elements were the [[Sale Swing Bridge]], completed in 1883, a high wharf, and a launching ramp which still exists in the heart of the city. However, neither the bridge nor the canal created the desired surge of trade and the depression of the 1890s soon engulfed the town. Sale became a town in 1924 and a city in 1950.
In WW2, the West Sale RAAF base was the landing site of 2 Japanese [[Mitsubishi Zero]]s.{{Citation needed|date=June 2009}}
== Climate ==
Sale has a temperate climate made up of warm summers, mild autumns and springs and cool winters. Sale records 595.9 mm (23.4 in) of measurable [[precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]] per year, making it drier than the nearby state capital, Melbourne. The wettest month is November whilst the driest is July.
{{Weather box <!--Infobox begins-->
|collapsed=
|open=
|metric first= yes
|single line= yes
|location= East Sale Airport
|Jan record high C= 44.6
|Feb record high C= 44.4
|Mar record high C= 40.4
|Apr record high C= 35.6
|May record high C= 28.3
|Jun record high C= 23.2
|Jul record high C= 24.0
|Aug record high C= 28.3
|Sep record high C= 33.0
|Oct record high C= 34.7
|Nov record high C= 39.8
|Dec record high C= 40.8
|year record high C= 44.6
|Jan high C= 25.4
|Feb high C= 25.3
|Mar high C= 23.5
|Apr high C= 20.3
|May high C= 16.8
|Jun high C= 14.3
|Jul high C= 13.8
|Aug high C= 15.0
|Sep high C= 17.0
|Oct high C= 19.2
|Nov high C= 21.2
|Dec high C= 23.4
|year high C= 19.6
|Jan low C= 12.8
|Feb low C= 13.2
|Mar low C= 11.4
|Apr low C= 8.6
|May low C= 6.3
|Jun low C= 4.2
|Jul low C= 3.2
|Aug low C= 4.1
|Sep low C= 5.6
|Oct low C= 7.5
|Nov low C= 9.5
|Dec low C= 11.3
|year low C= 8.1
|Jan record low C= 3.9
|Feb record low C= 3.3
|Mar record low C= 2.8
|Apr record low C= -1.7
|May record low C= -4.2
|Jun record low C= -4.5
|Jul record low C= -5.8
|Aug record low C= -5.6
|Sep record low C= -3.7
|Oct record low C= -1.0
|Nov record low C= 1.3
|Dec record low C= 2.2
|year record low C= -5.8
|precipitation colour=green
|Jan precipitation mm= 45.5
|Feb precipitation mm= 41.7
|Mar precipitation mm= 48.8
|Apr precipitation mm= 48.1
|May precipitation mm= 52.0
|Jun precipitation mm= 46.0
|Jul precipitation mm= 41.0
|Aug precipitation mm= 46.0
|Sep precipitation mm= 52.2
|Oct precipitation mm= 58.1
|Nov precipitation mm= 62.7
|Dec precipitation mm= 54.0
|year precipitation mm= 595.9
|unit precipitation days=
|Jan precipitation days= 8.5
|Feb precipitation days= 7.7
|Mar precipitation days= 8.9
|Apr precipitation days= 10.3
|May precipitation days= 12.1
|Jun precipitation days= 13.4
|Jul precipitation days= 14.0
|Aug precipitation days= 14.7
|Sep precipitation days= 14.4
|Oct precipitation days= 14.0
|Nov precipitation days= 12.0
|Dec precipitation days= 10.3
|year precipitation days= 140.3
|Jan sun= 237.3
|Feb sun= 217.5
|Mar sun= 192.1
|Apr sun= 172.3
|May sun= 138.4
|Jun sun= 124.3
|Jul sun= 141.3
|Aug sun= 161.0
|Sep sun= 178.0
|Oct sun= 197.8
|Nov sun= 211.9
|Dec sun= 223.2
|year sun= 2195.1
|source 1= <ref name="BoM">{{Cite web |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_085072.shtml |title= Summary statistics East Sale Airport |publisher= Bureau of Meteorology |accessdate=19 September 2010 }}</ref>
|date=March 2011}}<!--Infobox ends-->
==Oil and gas==
[[File:VM 0238 Sale city centre.jpg|thumb|In the town centre]]
{{See also|Energy in Victoria}}
After [[oil]] was discovered offshore in 1965 the town experienced a boom period when it became the service and residential base of the Esso-BHP oil and gas exploration and development program. The unprocessed oil and gas is pumped through {{convert|700|km|mi}} of undersea pipes to [[Longford, Victoria|Longford]], {{convert|19|km|mi}} south of Sale. There the hydrocarbons are removed and used to produce [[Liquefied petroleum gas|LPG]] and [[ethane]]. The gas is piped to Melbourne and the oil to [[Western Port|Westernport Bay]] and thence to [[Geelong]] and [[Altona, Victoria|Altona]] from where it is shipped interstate and overseas.
An oil and gas display centre in Sale outlines the formation, exploration and drilling processes. Esso's Longford gas plant was the site of a [[1998 Esso Longford gas explosion|major explosion]] on 25 September 1998 which killed two employees and crippled the state's gas supplies for a period of two weeks. Previously, Sale was significant as an office centre for the [[Exxon Mobil|Esso]] corporation but these operations were relocated around 1990, leaving only a gas processing facility in nearby [[Longford, Victoria|Longford]].
==Sports==
[[Australian rules football]], [[basketball]] and [[cricket]] are the most popular sports in Sale. The [[OA Ruff Sports Stadium]] hosts many other sports including basketball, [[association football|Association rules]] football, volleyball, badminton, table tennis, indoor soccer, aerobics, group fitness and gym.
The city has two [[Australian rules football]] teams, Sale, competing in the [[Gippsland Football League]] and Sale City, who compete in the [[North Gippsland Football League]].
It is home to the [[Sale Sonics]], a representative basketball team that competes in the [[Country Basketball League]] and is renowned for developing many elite [[Australian rules football]] and [[National Basketball League (Australia)|National Basketball League]] sporting stars including [[Jason Gram]], [[Scott Pendlebury]], [[Dylan McLaren]] and [[Rhys Carter]].
Sale United Football Club (formerly Sale City Soccer Club) represents the City in the Gippsland Soccer League (GSL). Sale United FC was formed as the Sale City Soccer Club in 1974. It has remained in the Gippsland competition each year since the Club's first season and has had a number of promotions and relegations during the term. Sale United is the only recognised soccer club in the Shire, but this was always the case. Representative clubs from Yarram, Bundalaguah, and the RAAF East Sale base also competed in the GSL.
The city is the home to two [[field hockey]] clubs in the [[East Gippsland Hockey Association]]. The Sale Hockey Club fields teams in juniors mixed under 13's, under 15's and under 18's along with two women's teams, the Sale Cygnets and the Sale Swans, along with one open team. The under 18's and open teams were champions in the 2008 season. The Wurruk Greyhounds are the Sale district's second hockey team, located in the satellite town [[Wurruk]].
Sale has a [[Thoroughbred racing in Australia|horse racing club]], the Sale Turf Club, which schedules around 21 race meetings a year including the Sale Cup meeting in October.<ref name = "RaceClub">{{Citation | last = Country Racing Victoria | title = Sale Turf Club | url = http://www.countryracing.com.au/clubs/sale/ | accessdate = 2010-09-02 }}</ref>
The Sale [[Greyhound racing|Greyhound Racing]] Club, operating since 1936, holds regular meetings.<ref name = "dogs">{{Citation | last = Greyhound Racing Victoria | title = Sale | url = http://sale.grv.org.au/index.html | accessdate = 2009-04-15 }} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
Golfers play at the course of the Sale Golf Club on Longford-Rosedale Road in neighbouring [[Longford, Victoria|Longford]].<ref name = "golf">{{Citation | author= Golf Select | title = Sale | url = http://www.golfselect.com.au/armchair/courseView.aspx?course_id=319 | accessdate = 2009-05-11 }}</ref>
Sale is also home to a baseball club whose baseball diamonds are located at Stephenson Park.
There are both junior and senior teams competing in the Latrobe Valley Baseball Association.
==Shopping==
Sale's main shopping precincts are Gippsland Centre and adjacent Raymond St Mall.
==Transport==
Sale is linked by rail to Melbourne and Bairnsdale by the [[Bairnsdale V/Line rail service]] that stops at the [[Sale railway station, Victoria|local railway station]]. Until 1983 the station was situated in the centre of town,<ref name=aw>[http://www.vrhistory.com/Locations/Sale.pdf Victorian Station Histories: Sale station]</ref> on what is now the Gippsland Centre shopping centre.
The city is located at the junction of the [[Princes Highway]] and the northeastern end of the [[South Gippsland Highway]].
==Facilities==
[[Fulham Correctional Centre]], a medium security prison, is in the locality of [[Fulham, Victoria|Fulham]] to the west of Sale.
==Events and attractions==
[[File:VM 0242 Sale Primary School - Maypole dance.jpg|thumb|Schoolchildren perform [[maypole dance]]]]
The March [[Labour_Day#Australia|Labour Day]] weekend witnesses the Marley Point Overnight Yacht Race which is the longest overnight inland yacht race in the world. It begins near Sale and concludes at [[Paynesville, Victoria|Paynesville]], some 60 km away.
A Sale attraction is [[Lake Guthridge]], a low lying [[retention basin]], which features a park for children, [[barbecue]]s, and a walking trail around the lake and car parking facilities. Prior to refurbishment in the mid-1990s Lake Guthridge suffered a blue-green algae problem that resulted in widespread fish mortality until local joggers and nearby residents complained of the associated stench causing council to act. Lake Guthridge has never been used as a food source.
A significantly superior{{Citation needed|date=December 2009}} natural waterway of historical significance is the aforementioned [[Port of Sale]] (previously ''Sale Canal''), the original inspiration for the early town's original name - ''Flooding Creek''. The Canal connects to other local rivers and lakes, leading eventually to [[Lakes Entrance, Victoria|Lakes Entrance]], an ocean side tourist resort situated near a managed, naturally occurring channel connecting the [[Gippsland Lakes]] to [[Bass Strait]]. Once steam boats and ocean-going craft were able to journey from [[Lakes Entrance, Victoria|Lakes Entrance]] to Sale, arriving at the docks at Sale to ferry passengers and goods from Eastern Victoria, although its success in such a role was short lived.
In recent years, a grassroots effort helped to persuade the local council to invest in restoration of the foreshore and to protect against erosion. Prior to the rise of [[Common Carp]] as the predominant fish species due to nutrient overload from agricultural runoff, [[Sale Canal]] featured pristine waters and native fish stocks. The [[Sale Regatta]] is run yearly on a long straight section of the canal headed towards [[Longford, Victoria|Longford]]. Visitors to Sale are usually unaware of the Canal, including its restoration, due to roadside views of it being blocked by the largely disused former [[Exxon Mobil|Esso]] corporation headquarters.
Sale is home to the [[Gippsland Art Gallery]], a major Victorian public gallery. The gallery presents a diverse exhibition program of contemporary, modern and historical exhibitions, with a focus on the landscape of South Eastern Australia. The gallery holds a collection of nearly 1,000 artworks, with a small selection on permanent view.
A fishing contest is held at Lake Guthridge every Easter and the Sale Music Festival at Gippsland Grammar School in June. The Sale Art Exhibition is held over August and September, while the Sale show falls in October.
As a tribute to the late [[George V of the United Kingdom|King George V]], an elm-lined section of the Princes Highway is named ''King George V Avenue''.
On 30 May 2009, Sale hosted [[Triple J's One Night Stand]] at the Sale Football Ground. Sale also has a strong underground music scene; events are held every few months and attract scores of young people.
==Media==
[[File:VM 0240 Sale Primary School - Maypole dance.jpg|thumb|City band]]
===Newspapers===
Sale's local newspaper is the [[The Gippsland Times]], founded in 1861. Two issues are published each week; subscribers pay for only one issue per week. Its readership spans Wellington Shire, from north of Dargo to south of Port Albert, and to the west of Rosedale and east of Munro. The paper is part of the Fairfax Rural Media network of newspapers.
===Television===
Commercial television networks [[Prime7]], [[WIN Television|WIN]] and [[Southern Cross Ten]] all broadcast into Sale from the [[Latrobe Valley]] transmitter at Mt Tassie with all stations being based in [[Traralgon, Victoria|Traralgon]]. All three channels have local commercials placed on their broadcasts and WIN TV also broadcasts a local news bulletin. Both national [[Public broadcasting|public broadcasters]], [[ABC Television|ABC]] (ABC1) and [[Special Broadcasting Service|SBS]] (SBS ONE) are broadcast into Sale as well.
New channels broadcast by all the networks in addition to the ones listed above are available on the digital service called [[Freeview (Australia)]] to viewers in Sale and the Gippsland \ Latrobe Valley region. These channels include [[ABC2]], [[ABC3]], [[ABC News 24]], [[SBS Two]], [[One HD]], [[Eleven (TV channel)|Eleven]], [[7Two]], [[7mate]], [[GEM (Australian TV channel)|GEM]] and [[GO! (Australian TV channel)|GO!]].
===Radio===
[[Traralgon, Victoria|Traralgon]] based [[Ace Radio]] commercial stations — [[TRFM]] and [[Gold 1242]] both cover Sale. The [[Gold 1242]] AM 1242 kHz transmitter is located in Myrtlebank between [[Maffra, Victoria|Maffra]] and Sale. Most [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] stations are rebroadcast locally as well as the local ABC Gippsland station that is based in Sale. Community Radio station [[Life FM (Gippsland)|Life FM]] is based in Sale.
On the 30 May 2009 the [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]]'s national network [[Triple J]] held their annual [[Triple J's One Night Stand|One Night Stand]] concert in Sale. 12,000 people attended the event at the Sale Football Ground.
==Sale Swing Bridge==
The [[Sale Swing Bridge]] is the only one left in the world that can swing around 360° and featured in the Australia film noir movie "The Tender Hook".
==Notable people==
===Sport===
* [[Jason Gram]], former Australian rules footballer with the [[St Kilda Football Club]]
* [[Scott Pendlebury]], Australian rules footballer with the [[Collingwood Football Club]]
* [[Norman Ware]], former Australian rules footballer with the [[Footscray Football Club]]
* [[Dylan McLaren]], former Australian rules footballer with the [[Brisbane Lions Football Club]] and the [[Carlton Football Club]]
* [[Travis Birt]], cricketer for Tasmania and Australia
* [[Rhys Carter]], basketballer
===Politics===
* [[Kevin Andrews (Australian politician)|Kevin Andrews]], Liberal politician
* [[Darren Chester]], Federal [[Division of Gippsland|Member for Gippsland]] (National Party)
[[Image:Port of sale panorama02.jpg|thumb|600px|center|Port of Sale]]
==See also==
* [[RAAF Base East Sale]]
==References==
{{commons category|Sale, Victoria}}
{{reflist}}
{{Towns in Wellington Shire}}
{{Cities of Australia}}
[[Category:Cities in Victoria (Australia)]]
[[Category:Gippsland]]
[[Category:Sale, Victoria| ]]
{{usedwps}}