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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Dunaújváros
| native_name = (former names Dunapentele and Sztálinváros)
| native_name_lang =
| settlement_type = Town ([[Város]])
| image_skyline = Dunaújváros tér.JPG
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Városháza Square with typical concrete block of flats called [[Panelház]]
| image_flag =
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| image_seal =
| seal_alt =
| image_shield = HUN_Dunaújváros_COA.jpg
| shield_alt =
| nickname =
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| image_map = HU county Fejer.svg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of [[Fejér County]] in [[Hungary]]
| pushpin_map = Hungary
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Dunaújváros in [[Hungary]]
| pushpin_map1 = Hungary Fejer
| pushpin_label_position1 =
| pushpin_map_alt1 =
| pushpin_map_caption1 = Location of Dunaújváros in [[Fejér County]]
|latd= 46 |latm= 58 |lats= 50 |latNS= N
|longd=18 |longm=54 |longs=46|longEW=E
| coor_pinpoint =
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| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{HUN}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Hungary|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Central Transdanubia Region|Central Transdanubia]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Counties of Hungary|County]]|
| subdivision_name2 = [[Fejér County|Fejér]]|
| subdivision_type3 = Subregion
| subdivision_name3 = [[Dunaújváros]]
| established_title =
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| parts_style = list
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| government_footnotes =
| leader_party = Fidesz
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Gábor Cserna
| unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 52.67
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| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 97
| elevation_max_m =
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| population_total = 46 320
| population_as_of = 1-1-2014
| population_density_km2 = 914.87
| population_demonym =
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|timezone=[[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset=+1
|timezone_DST=[[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST=+2
| postal_code_type = [[Postal code]]
| postal_code = 2400
| area_code_type = Dialing code
| area_code = 25
| iso_code =
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| blank_name_sec1 =
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| website = [http://www.dunaujvaros.hu/ http://www.dunaujvaros.hu/]
| footnotes =
}}
'''Dunaújváros''' (formerly known as ''Dunapentele'' and ''Sztálinváros'') is an industrial town in [[Fejér County]], [[Central Transdanubia Region]], [[Hungary]]. The city is best known for its [[steelworks]], which is the largest in the country.
==Geography==
Dunaújváros is located in the [[Transdanubia]]n part of the [[Great Hungarian Plain]] (called Mezőföld), {{convert|70|km|0|abbr=off}} south of [[Budapest]] on the [[Danube]], Highway 6, Motorways [[M6 motorway (Hungary)|M6]], [[M8 motorway (Hungary)|M8]] and the electrified Budapest-[[Pusztaszabolcs]]-Dunaújváros-[[Paks]] railway.<ref>Magyarország autóatlasz, Dimap-Szarvas, Budapest, 2004, ISBN 963-03-7576-1</ref>
==Name==
The city replaced the village of ''Dunapentele'' ("Pantaleon up on the Danube"), named after [[Saint Pantaleon]].<ref name="Papp">Antal Papp: Magyarország (Hungary), Panoráma, Budapest, 1982, ISBN 963 243 241 X, p. 860, pp. 542-544</ref> The construction of this new industrial city started in 1949 and the original village was renamed ''Sztálinváros'' ("[[Stalin]] City") in 1951. After the [[Hungarian revolution of 1956]] the new government renamed the city the neutral ''Dunaújváros'' in 1961, which means "Danube New City" (New City on the Danube).
==History==
{{Expand section|information on Intercisa, and pre Ottoman period|date=January 2013}}
Dunaújváros is one of the newest cities of the country. It was built in the 1950s during the industrialization of the country under Socialist rule, as a new city next to an already existing village, ''Dunapentele''.
===Dunapentele===
Dunapentele was not built on until the 1950s. The construction started on the [[Danube]]'s right side.
The area has been inhabited since ancient times. When Western Hungary was a [[Roman Empire|Roman]] province under the name ''Pannonia'', a military camp and a town called ''Intercisa'' stood in this place, at the border of the province. The Hungarians conquered the area in the early 10th century. The village of ''Pentele'', named after the medieval Greek saint, [[St. Pantaleon|Pantaleon]], was founded shortly after.
[[File:Dunaújváros városháza.JPG|thumb|200px|City Hall]]
Between 1541 and 1688 the village was under [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule, and during the 150-year war it was completely destroyed. During the freedom fight led by Prince [[Francis II Rákóczi]] the place was deserted again. In the 18th century the village began to prosper. In 1830 the village got the right to hold two market days every week. In 1831 there was a cholera epidemic and the peasants revolted. In 1833 Pentele was granted town status ''(oppidum)'' by Ferdinand V. The citizens took part in the freedom fight in 1848-49.
After the [[Second World War]] the new, [[People's Republic of Hungary|Communist government]] started a major industrialisation programme, in support of its rearmament efforts. In 1949 ''Dunaújváros'' was chosen as site of the largest iron and steel works. Originally they were to be built close to [[Mohács]], but the Hungarian-[[Yugoslavia]]n relations worsened, and this new site was chosen, farther away from the Yugoslav border. The city was designed to have 25.000 residents.
The construction of the city began on May 2, 1950 near Dunapentele. Within one year more than 1,000 housing units were built and the factory complex was under construction. The city officially took the name of [[Joseph Stalin]] on April 4, 1952; its name was ''Sztálinváros'' 'Stalin City' as a parallel to [[Stalingrad]] in the USSR.
The metal works were opened by 1954. The city had a population of 27,772 at this time; 85% of them lived in nice, comfortable apartments, while about 4,200 people still lived in uncomfortable barracks which originally provided "homes" for the construction workers.
In the middle of the 1950s, public transport was organized, buses carrying 24,000 passengers each day. During the 1950s many cultural and sports facilities were built, the Endre Ságvári Primary School being the largest school in Central Europe in the 1960s. The official and obligatory architectural style and art movement of the communist system was [[socialist realism]]. Per definition the style’s meaning was communist, its form was national, and its preferred mode of representation was the [[allegory]]. There are several public statues and reliefs in the town, which represent the allegoric union of workers, peasants and intellectuals, surrounded by traditional folk motifs. Thanks to the inspiration of [[Bauhaus]] the buildings and monuments of this era (1949–56), like the forge, the cinema, the theatre, the hospital and the city’s schools where characterized by a [[structural functionalism]], but the ideological function resulted classicist decorations, like columns, tympanums and arcades, because of which the informal name of the style became ‘Stalin’s Baroque’.
[[File:Penteleihid1.JPG|thumb|200px|[[Pentele Bridge (Hungary)|Pentele Bridge]]]]
In 1956, the construction was hindered by an earthquake and a flood, and in October by the start of the [[1956 Hungarian Revolution]]. During the revolution the city used its historical name ''Dunapentele'' again. The ''Rákóczi'' radio station, which was created by the revolutionaries, was broadcasting from Dunapentele (in fact from a bus that was constantly moving around in the city so that it couldn't be located.) Even though the citizens of Dunapentele tried to defend their city, the Soviet army occupied the city on November 7, 1956. The city fell under martial law, Russian tanks were standing everywhere.
After the revolution the city was still the "trademark city" of socialism in Hungary, and was presented as such to foreign visitors. Among the visitors were [[Yuri Gagarin]] and the Indonesian president [[Sukarno]]. The city also provided scenery to popular movies.
In 1960, the ten-year-old city already had 31,000 residents to celebrate its anniversary.
On November 26, 1961 the city's name was changed to ''Dunaújváros'' (Duna|új|város meaning ''Danube-new-city''; "New City upon [[Danube]]". See also [[Tiszaújváros]]) as a consequence of Stalin's death (1953) and the [[1956 Hungarian Revolution|Hungarian Revolution]] (1956).
In 1990 it became a city with county rights—as one of the then four, now five cities in the country that have this status but are not county capitals—in accordance with a new law that granted this status to all cities with a population over 50,000. Even though the population of Dunaújváros has been under 50,000 since 2008, it has kept its status as a city with county rights (along with [[Hódmezővásárhely]], which is in a similar situation).
The DUNAFERR factory complex is still is a determinant enterprise in the Hungarian steel industry, and a major employer in the area.
[[File:College of Dunaujvaros.JPG|thumb|left|200px|[[College of Dunaújváros]]]]
Today, Dunaújváros is home to many new infrastructures ([[Pentele Bridge (Hungary)|Pentele Bridge]], direct highway link between [[Budapest]] and Dunaújváros) and the new [[South Korean]] [[Hankook]] factory, Europe's biggest tire factory of [[Hankook]]. This and other projects make Dunaújváros a new Hungarian boomtown.
Thanks to its formal political and economic importance, the communist [[urban design]], the socialist realist architecture and its unique atmosphere the town is the considerable memento of communism. Many of the half-century old buildings have received the protection of historic monuments, and the town is in the focus of growing touristic interest.
==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|type =
|footnote =
|1949 | 3949
|1960 | 30976
|1970 | 45129
|1980 | 60736
|1990 | 59028
|2001 | 55309
|2011 | 48484
}}
In 2001 Dunaújváros had 55,309 residents (92.5% [[Magyars|Hungarian]], 0.6% [[Romani people|Romani]], 0.6% [[Danube Swabians|German]], 6.3% other).<ref>[http://www.nepszamlalas.hu/hun/kotetek/06/07/data/tabhun/4/load01_11_0.html 2001 census - Nationalities (Hungarian)]</ref> Religions: 38.9% [[Roman Catholic]], 8.3% [[Calvinist]], 2% [[Lutheran]], 37.8% [[Atheist]], 0.2% other, 12.8% no answer.<ref>[http://www.nepszamlalas.hu/hun/kotetek/06/07/data/tabhun/4/load01_10_0.html 2001 census - Religions (Hungarian)]</ref><ref>[http://www.nepszamlalas.hu/hun/kotetek/06/07/data/tabhun/4/load01_1_0.html Historical population of Fejér (Hungarian Central Statistical Office)]</ref>
==Known people from Dunaújváros==
*[[Márton Vas]] (born 1980), ice hockey player
*[[János Vas]] (born 1983), ice hockey player
*[[Balázs Ladányi]] (born 1976), ice hockey player
*[[Imre Peterdi]] (born 1980), ice hockey player
*[[Tamás Lencsés]] (born 1979), ice hockey player
*[[Lajos Tőkési]] (born 1975), ice hockey player
*[[Viktor Tokaji]] (born 1977), ice hockey player
*[[Viktor Szélig]] (born 1975), ice hockey player
*[[Viktor Horváth]] (born 1978), English teacher
*[[Károly Bezdek]] (born 1955), professor of mathematics
==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Dunaferr.jpg|The gate of the forge
File:Relief in the College.jpg|Relief in the Dunaújváros College
File:Dunaújváros Harbour.jpg|Dunaújváros Harbour
File:Sgrafitto.jpg|Socialist realist style building
File:Somogyi József Az öntelt mackó.jpg|The Conceited Bear, József Somogyi, 1950
File:Üzletház.jpg|Shopping mall at night
File:Dunaújváros2.jpg
File:Dunaújváros4.jpg
File:Dunaújváros5.jpg
File:College of Dunaujvaros 6.JPG
File:College of Dunaujvaros 2.JPG
File:College of Dunaujvaros 11.JPG
File:College of Dunaujvaros 18.JPG
File:College of Dunaujvaros 17.JPG
</gallery>
==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary}}
===Twin towns — sister cities===
Dunaújváros is [[Town twinning|twinned]] with:
{|class="wikitable"
|- valign="top"
|
*{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Alchevsk]], [[Ukraine]]
*{{flagicon|UK}} [[Coventry]], [[United Kingdom]]<ref name="Coventry twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.coventrytelegraph.net/news/local-news/what-point-coventrys-twin-towns-3038605|title=Coventry's twin towns|accessdate=2013-08-06|last=Griffin|first=Mary|date=2011-08-02|work=Coventry Telegraph}}</ref><ref name="Coventry twins">{{cite web|url=http://www.coventry.gov.uk/directory/25/twin_towns_and_cities|title=Coventry - Twin towns and cities|accessdate = 2013-08-06|work=Coventry City Council.|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20130412062545/http://www.coventry.gov.uk/directory/25/twin_towns_and_cities|archivedate =2013-04-14}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|POL}} [[Dębica]] in [[Poland]]<ref name="Dębica twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.wrobel-druk.pl/europa/index.php?sId=2&id_cat=6&strona=6|title=Partnerstwo Samorządów Siłą Europy|accessdate=2013-08-13|work=Europa Miast|language = Polish}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|ALB}} [[Elbasan]], [[Albania]]
*{{flagicon|ROM}} [[Giurgiu]], [[Romania]]
*{{flagicon|TUR}} [[İnegöl]], [[Turkey]]
||
*{{flagicon|AUT}} [[Linz]], [[Austria]]
*{{flagicon|BUL}} [[Silistra]], [[Bulgaria]]
*{{flagicon|SER}} [[Sremska Mitrovica]], [[Serbia]]
*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Terni]], [[Italy]]<ref name="Umbria twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://en.comuni-italiani.it/10/gemellaggi.html|title=Umbria - Town Twinning|accessdate=2013-08-21|work=Comuni-Italiani.it|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20120304085038/http://en.comuni-italiani.it/10/gemellaggi.html|archivedate=2012-03-04}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Villejuif]], [[France]]
|}
==See also==
*[[Tiszaújváros]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{commons category}}
[[File:Dunaújváros - Kőtár.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Dunaújváros - stonebay from above]]
* [http://www.dunaujvaros.hu Official site] (Hungarian only)
* [http://sztalinvaros.uw.hu/start.php Dunaújváros 2400] (detailed history, Hungarian only, with lots of pictures)
* [http://www.dunaujvaros.com Portal site] (Hungarian only)
* [http://www.hirszem.hu Video news portal] (Hungarian only)
* [http://www.partvedelem.hu/szoborpark_hu.htm Statue park]
* [http://dbridges.fw.hu/dujvaros.html Bridge in Dunaújváros]
* [http://www.civertan.hu/legifoto/legifoto.php?page_level=138&pageNum_images=2 Aerial photography: Dunaújváros]
* The city features prominently in the film ''[[The Ister (film)|The Ister]]''. [http://www.theister.com/ Official site]
{{Fejér}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dunaujvaros}}
[[Category:Dunaújváros]]
[[Category:Settlements in Fejér County]]
[[Category:Valid name- locality of Hungary]]