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{{Infobox German location
|Name = Paderborn
|Art = Stadt
|image_photo = Paderborner Rathaus.jpg
|imagesize = <!-- Photo size. Default is 250px -->
|image_caption = Paderborn town hall
|image_flag = Flagge der Stadt Paderborn.svg
|Wappen =DEU_Paderborn_COA.svg
|lat_deg = 51 | lat_min = 43
|lon_deg = 8 | lon_min = 46
|Lageplan = Paderborn in PB.svg
|Lageplanbeschreibung = Location of the city of Paderborn within the district
|Bundesland = NRW
|Regierungsbezirk = Detmold
|Landkreis = Paderborn
|Höhe = 94-347
|Fläche = 179.38
|Einwohner = 145690
|Stand = ''September 2013''
|pop_ref =
|PLZ = 33041-33106
|Vorwahl = 05251, 05252, 05254, 05293
|Kfz = PB
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 05 7 74 032
|Gliederung = 8
|Adresse = Am Abdinghof 11<br/>33098 Paderborn
|Website = [http://www.paderborn.de/microsite/welcome/index.php paderborn.de]
|Bürgermeister = Michael Dreier
|Partei = CDU
}}
'''Paderborn''' ({{IPA-de|paːdɐˈbɔʁn|-|Paderborn.ogg}})<ref name=Duden>{{cite web|title=Duden dictionary|url=http://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Paderborn|accessdate=7 December 2013}}</ref> is a city in eastern [[North Rhine-Westphalia]], [[Germany]], capital of the [[Paderborn (district)|Paderborn district]]. The name of the city derives from the river [[Pader River|Pader]] and 'born', an old German term for the source of a river. The river Pader originates in more than 200 springs near [[Paderborn Cathedral]], where [[St. Liborius]] is buried.
==History==
Paderborn was founded as a [[bishopric]] by [[Charlemagne]] in 795, although its official history began in 777 when Charlemagne built a castle near the Pader springs.<ref>Ed. Heribert Zelder, Tourist Information Services, ''Welcome to Paderborn'', Stadt Paderborn: Paderborn, Germany, 2009.</ref> In 799 [[Pope Leo III]] fled his enemies in [[Rome]] and reached Paderborn, where he met Charlemagne, and stayed there for three months. It was during this time that it was decided that Charlemagne would be crowned emperor. Charlemagne reinstated Leo in Rome in 800 and was crowned as [[Holy Roman Emperor]] by Leo in return. In 836, [[Liborius of Le Mans|St. Liborius]] became the patron saint of Paderborn after his bones were moved there from [[Le Mans]] by Bishop Badurad.<ref>Ed. Heribert Zelder, Tourist Information Services, Welcome to Paderborn, Stadt Paderborn: Paderborn, Germany, 2009.</ref>
The bishop of Paderborn, Meinwerk, became a [[Prince of the Empire]] in 1100. The bishop had several large buildings built, and the area became a place for the emperors to holiday. <ref>Ed. Heribert Zelder, Tourist Information Services, ''Welcome to Paderborn'', Stadt Paderborn: Paderborn, Germany, 2009.</ref>The city was taken by [[Prussia]] in 1802, then by the [[France|French]] [[vassal state]] [[Kingdom of Westphalia]] from 1807 to 1813 and then returned to Prussia.
Native [[Friedrich Sertürner]], a pharmacist's apprentice in Paderborn, was the first to isolate [[morphine]] from [[opium]] in 1804.
The tree [[Irminsul]] was supposedly located near Paderborn.<ref>
{{cite book |last1=Lewis |first1=David Levering |authorlink1=David Levering Lewis |last2= |first2= |editor1-first= |editor1-last= |editor1-link= |others= |title=God's Crucible: Islam and the making of Europe 570 to 1215 |trans_title= |url= |format= |accessdate= |edition=1st |series= |volume= |date= |year=2008 |month= |origyear= |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.]] |location=[[New York]] |language= |isbn=978-0-393-06472-8 |oclc= |doi= |id= |page=242 |pages= |trans_chapter= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= |laysummary= |laydate= |separator= |postscript= |lastauthoramp=}}</ref>
Paderborn was the seat of the [[Bishopric of Paderborn]], today the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paderborn]]. 60% of the population are Catholics, 20% Lutherans and 20% "other". The city is known today for its huge exhibitions in the three museums: the Kaiserpfalz, The Diocesian Museum and the Art Museum - Städtische Galerie.<ref>[http://www.medievalhistories.com/wp-content/uploads/2013-Medieval-Histories-september-final.pdf CREDO in Paderborn - Medieval Histories 2013: 9 ISBN 978-87-92858-11-5]</ref>
[[File:Paderborn-Kupferstich-Merian.png|thumb|left|250px|Paderborn in 1647.]]
St. Liborius is commemorated in Paderborn every year in July with the Liborifest. He is the patron of Paderborn, to which his relics were transferred in 836.
During World War II, Paderborn was bombed by allied aircraft in 1944 and 1945 (85% destruction) and seized by the US [[3rd Armored Division (United States)|3rd Armored Division]] during a pitched battle 31 March - 1 April 1945, in which tanks and [[flamethrower]]s were used during combined mechanized-infantry assaults against the city's southwestern, southern and southeastern approaches.<ref>Stanton, Shelby, ''World War II Order of Battle: An Encyclopedic Reference to U.S. Army Ground Forces from Battalion through Division, 1939-1946'' (Revised Edition, 2006), p. 52</ref> After the city was reconstructed in the 1940s and 1950s, Paderborn became a major industrial seat in Westphalia.<ref>Ed. Heribert Zelder, Tourist Information Services, Welcome to Paderborn, Stadt Paderborn: Paderborn, Germany, 2009.</ref>
==Geography==
Paderborn is situated at the spring of the ''Pader'' river, approx. {{convert|30|km|mi}} east of [[Lippstadt]] and approx. {{convert|50|km|mi}} south of [[Bielefeld]]. The hills of the [[Eggegebirge]] are located east of the city.
===Neighbouring places===
{|
| valign="top" |
* [[Hövelhof]]
* [[Bad Lippspringe]]
* [[Altenbeken]]
* [[Lichtenau, Westphalia|Lichtenau]]
| valign="top" |
* [[Borchen]]
* [[Salzkotten]]
* [[Delbrück]]
|}
===Division of the town===
The city of Paderborn consists of the following wards
{|
| valign="top" |
* Paderborn (city center)
* Schloß Neuhaus
* [[Elsen]]
* Benhausen
* Wewer
| valign="top" |
* Dahl
* Neuenbeken
* Marienloh
* [[Sennelager]]
* Sande
|}
==Population==
Paderborn has a population of over 144,000, of which approximately 10% are students at the local [[Universität Paderborn|university]]. Additionally, about 10,000 members or relatives of members of the [[British Forces Germany|British armed forces]] live in Paderborn, but are not included in the nominal population size. About half of the armed forces and families live in the [[Sennelager]] ward, the location of the largest barracks.
{| class="infobox" style="float:right;"
|colspan="2"|'''Largest groups of foreign residents'''
|-\
! Nationality || Population (2011)
|-
|{{flag|Turkey}} || 2,210
|-
|{{flag|Poland}} || 1,212
|-
|{{flag|Italy}} || 1,206
|-
|{{flag|United Kingdom}} || 903
|-
|{{flag|China}} || 627
|-
|{{flag|Russia}} || 578
|-
|{{flag|Serbia & Montenegro}} || 573
|-
|{{flag|Spain}} || 326
|-
|}
==Industry==
Paderborn is the headquarters of the former [[Nixdorf Computer AG]], which was acquired by [[Siemens AG|Siemens]] in the early 1990s and known as [[Siemens-Nixdorf]] for about 10 years. The company is now known as [[Wincor Nixdorf]] which is still located in Paderborn, but Siemens retains a considerable presence in the city.
[[File:Paderborn Kath.Kirche St.Georg.jpg|thumb|[[Saint George]]'s church, Paderborn]]
[[File:Paderborn-Pader-River.jpg|thumb|250px|Pader River, Stadt Mitte.]]
Many other [[information technology]]
companies as well as industrial enterprises are located in Paderborn, too:
* [[Benteler AG]] (steel/tube, automotive, trade)
* [[Claas]] (farm machines)
* [[Deutsche Bahn AG]] (vehicle maintenance)
* [[dSPACE GmbH]] (engineering tools)
* [[Flextronics]]
* [[Fujitsu Technology Solutions]]
* [[Orga Systems GmbH]]
* [[Secure Computing Corporation]]
* [[Siemens AG]] (Siemens IT Solutions and Services)
* [[Zuken]] (PCB EMC Analysis and Design Software)
Paderborn is also home of the "[[Brauerei Paderborner|Paderborner]]" [[brewery]], which has belonged to the Warsteiner group since 1990.
==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}}
===Twin towns — Sister cities===
Paderborn is [[town twinning|twinned]] with:
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Le Mans]], [[France]], officially since 1967, traditionally since 836 (oldest partnership of its kind)<ref name="Balavoine1994">{{cite book|last1=Lelièvre|first1=Jean|last2=Balavoine|first2=Maurice|title=Le Mans-Paderborn, 836-1994: dans l'Europe, une amitié séculaire, un sillage de lumière|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=qo7rSAAACAAJ|accessdate=9 August 2013|year=1994|publisher=M. Balavoine|location=Le Mans|pages=1–42}}</ref><ref name="Origins">{{cite web|url=http://www.highland.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/1C07A195-EF04-454D-81B8-ADAEE15058FC/0/ICC9908.pdf|title=The Origins of Town Twinning|date=8 December 2008|publisher=The City of Inverness Town Twinning Committee|accessdate=2009-10-30|location=[[Inverness]]}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|UK}} [[Bolton]], [[United Kingdom]], since 1975
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Belleville, Illinois|Belleville]], [[Illinois]], [[United States|U.S.]], since 1990
*{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Pamplona]], [[Spain]], since 1992
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Przemyśl]], [[Poland]], since 1993
*{{flagicon|HUN}} [[Debrecen]], [[Hungary]], since 1994
*{{flagicon|PRC}} [[Qingdao]], [[China]], since 2003
[[File:Over paderborn.jpg|thumb|Central Paderborn and Cathedral]]
==Education==
Paderborn was once the oldest academic site in Westphalia. In 1614, the [[University of Paderborn]] was founded by the [[Jesuits]] but was closed in 1819. It was re-founded in 1972 as Universität-Gesamthochschule and transformed into a university in its own right in 2002. Today, it is attended by about 14,000 students.
Additionally, several [[theological]] and private academic institutes exist.
Paderborn has the largest [[computer museum]] in the world, the [http://www.hnf.de Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum]. From 2001 to 2005 it hosted the [[RoboCup German Open]].
There are a number of grammar schools in the city, the most prominent of which are the [[:de:Theodorianum|Theodorianum]] and [[:de:Gymnasium St. Michael Paderborn|St. Michael Gymnasium]], along with others such as the [[Goerdeler-Gymnasium Paderborn|Goerdeler-Gymnasium]]. There are also a few British primary schools such as [[John Buchan School]], which is located in [[Sennelager]] and mainly educates children of British military personnel and the garrison's employees.
==Sports==
Paderborn is a focal point in Germany for [[United States|American]] sports. The local [[baseball]] team, the [[Paderborn Untouchables]], has won many German championships, and the local [[American Football]] team, the Paderborn Dolphins, has also enjoyed considerable success. In 2006 the [[Paderborn Baskets]], the home [[basketball]] team of the city achieved the [[Basketball Bundesliga|Bundesliga]].
===Paderborn Baskets (Basketball)===
The Paderborn Baskets played in the playoffs of the 2008-09 German basketball league. The top 8 teams make the playoffs. The 1st place team plays against the 8th place team and the 2nd against the 7th and so on, with the winners participating in the next round.
Paderborn were the 8th place team. They played against Alba Berlin. The playoffs are conducted in a best-of-five manner, which Paderborn lost three games to two. The last game was played in Berlin. Berlin won and advanced to the next round, leaving Paderborn eighth in the table at the end of the season. Paderborn won both of the home matches played in Paderborn. This was the first time Paderborn participated in the playoffs.
The homepage for the Paderborn Baskets:[http://www.paderborn-baskets.de Paderborn Baskets Homepage]
===SC Paderborn 07 (Football)===
[[SC Paderborn 07]] is a German [[Association football|football]] club based in Paderborn. Promoted from the [[2. Bundesliga]] due to a very successful ''2013/2014'' campaign, the team currently competes in the [[Bundesliga]], Germany's top flight.
The club was formed out of the 1985 merger of FC Paderborn and TuS Schloß Neuhaus as TuS Paderborn-Neuhaus and took on its current, shorter name in 1997. The Neuhaus club was founded in 1907 as SV 07 Neuhaus which was joined by the local side TuS 1910 Sennelager to become TuS Schloss Neuhaus in 1970. The Neuhaus and Paderborn teams played as tier III sides for most of their histories, as has the unified club. Today Paderborn plays its home matches at the Benteler Arena.
Homepage:[http://www.scpaderborn07.de SC Paderborn 07 Homepage]
==Culture==
The town supports the [[Nordwestdeutsche Philharmonie]] for regular symphony concerts in the Paderhalle.
==Transportation==
[[File:Airport PAD Abflughalle.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Paderborn Airport]]
Paderborn is located at the [[Bundesautobahn 33|Autobahn A 33]], which connects Paderborn to the [[Bundesautobahn 2|Autobahn A 2]] in the north and the [[Bundesautobahn 44|Autobahn A 44]] in the south.
The [[Paderborn Hauptbahnhof|main station]] is a regular stop for the [[InterCity]] on the [[Hamm–Warburg railway|Hamm–Warburg line]] and several local trains. Train connections can be found [http://reiseauskunft.bahn.de/bin/query.exe/en here].
The [[Paderborn Lippstadt Airport]] connects Paderborn to the bigger German airports and offers flights to many locations in Europe. There is a [http://www.airport-pad.com/sites_en/bus_anfahrt.htm bus shuttle] between the airport and the Paderborn main train station. General Aviation and gliders are based at [http://www.edlr.de Paderborn-Haxterberg] (site of the world gliding championships in 1981).
In Paderborn there is a bus system served by the [http://www.padersprinter.de/ PaderSprinter] for local buses and the [http://www.bbh-paderborn.de/ Bahnbus Hochstift (bbh)] for regional buses.
==External links==
* [http://www.paderborn.de/microsite/welcome/index.php Official site of the city]
* [http://www.paderborner-land.de Site of the Paderborn region]
* [http://www.lwl.org/westfaelische-geschichte/portal/Internet/ku.php?tab=pro&ID=14 Ordinances of the "Fürstbistum Paderborn" online] {{de icon}}
* [http://www.robocup-german-open.de/en Homepage of the annual RoboCup competition]
* [http://www.uni-paderborn.de/en/ University of Paderborn]
* http://www.paderborn-baskets.de Basketball: Paderborn Baskets
* [[Paderborn method|: Paderborn method for teaching languages]]
* [http://www.medievalhistories.com/wp-content/uploads/2013-Medieval-Histories-september-final.pdf Introduction to the History of Paderborn]
{{Commons|Paderborn}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Cities in Germany}}
{{Cities and towns in Paderborn (district)}}
[[Category:Paderborn| ]]
[[Category:University towns in Germany]]
[[Category:Members of the Hanseatic League]]
[[Category:Paderborn (district)]]
{{usedwp|Paderborn}}