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[[File:Arctic Corsair - geograph.org.uk - 377381.jpg|thumb|River Hull with the Arctic Corsair moored on the left]]
[[File:Arctic Corsair - geograph.org.uk - 377381.jpg|thumb|River Hull with the Arctic Corsair moored on the left]]
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'''Kingston upon Hull''', or just '''Hull''' as it is usually called, is a city in [[Yorkshire]] on the northern bank of the Humber Estuary
. A small city of roughly 250,000 people, Hull is the largest city and economic center in East Yorkshire
.
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'''Kingston upon Hull''', or just '''Hull''' as it is usually called, is a city in [[Yorkshire]] on the northern bank of the Humber Estuary.
==Understand==
==Understand==
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King Edward 1 visited Hull in 1299, and on April 1st granted Hull a Royal Charter renamed it "King's Town upon Hull". While the official name of the city is now Kingston-Upon-Hull everyone calls it "Hull" or "'ull" in the unique local accent. Hull has a storied history throughout England as a main port town and major military and political center. Decimated during the Blitz of World War II Hull experienced difficult times during the second half of the twentieth century. Problems exacerbated by the departure of the fishing industry after the 1970s Cod Wars left Hull in a state of decay.
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However, in the last 15 years Hull has seen a brilliant resurgence. New developments have arisen in the city center just minutes from the historic Old Town. Hull is home to a variety of art, music, and museum venues. In 2013 Hull was named the United Kingdom's City of Culture for 2017. Famed poet Philip Larkin, who called Hull home for many years, referred to the city as the "lonely northern daughter", which captures the spirit of this uniquely northern city.
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===Early
history===
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A settlement called Myton, although not listed in the Domesday book of 1086, existed at the confluence of the River Hull and Humber in the 11th century. In the late 12th century the monks of the nearby Meaux Abbey created the new town of Wyke, from the Scandinavian meaning creek (i.e. the River Hull). The town of Wyke would later become Hull. Both the names Myton and Wyke remain as political ward areas of the city.
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With the River Hull offering a harbour for the import and export of goods, and the Humber estuary being connected to other major rivers, the town of Wyke upon Hull became established and thrived. This situation drew the attention of the town to King Edward 1 who visited, and eventually granted Kyngeston (or King's Town) upon Hull its Royal Charter on April 1st, 1299. The lay of the main roads to and from the city are the result Edward's involvement. The interest of various Kings including Henry VIII have had a bearing on what the visitor, with a little understanding, may see when visiting the city. Hull's importance as a port, and in its early years as an arsenal, at one time second only to London's arsenal, caused walls with battlements and towers to be initiated in 1327, blockhouses on the east bank of the River Hull in 1542 and a citadel, again on the east bank, in 1681. Although all these have long gone, their imprint on the old town along with the subsequent docks, can still be appreciated.
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===Modern history===
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In some ways the 20th century was the most consistently calamitous era in the long, long history of this great maritime city. From a peak in prosperity at the start of the 1900s, with industrial and mercantile might that placed it on a level with almost any other city in the land, by the last decade of the century its litany of hard luck stories had cruelly conspired to turn Hull into a nationally perceived shadow of its former self. The last hundred years were, however, a sad chapter in an epic story, and at the birth of a new century, the place Larkin called the 'lonely northern daughter' has begun to miraculously revive and stake its claim for prosperity and respect once more.
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Much investment is being directed into the city, encouraged by the huge success of The Deep as a centre-piece major visitor attraction, a sprucing up of the Old Town, and new retail offers. To the visitor, the face of Hull has almost been altered beyond recognition with the redevelopment of Ferensway, and the construction of the landmark St Stephen's centre, Hull's premier shopping experience. This comprises a shopping mall with upmarket chains, a modern hotel, the newly opened Hull Truck Theatre building, and a music learning centre for young people. The visitor experience has been much improved with the redevelopment of Hull Paragon Interchange with a new bus station and refurbished railway station. New developments planned include a new footbridge over the River Hull.
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Anybody who has experienced the city first-hand without any preconceived notions or bias, will tell you that Hull is unique. It is no longer isolated, as transport links with the rest of the country are more than adequate. This was not the case for hundreds of years though, and the result is a true one-off. The place has a genuine cultural identity and character of its own. It is reflected in the accent (pronounce "oh no" as "er ner" and you will have an idea), the humour, the self-effacement and spirit of its people. Hull's colourful (at times startling) but always fascinating urban fabric and history are its markers.
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The flat landscape and low but often breathtaking historic buildings, give a sense of there being a massive backdrop of sky, and when combined with a view out to the brooding, bleak, mighty expanse of the Humber Estuary from the point at which it converges with the River Hull, it becomes apparent that there is something special in the location of the town.
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Along with the poetry of its setting, Hull has a formidable connection with some of the most influential poets in English literature. Amongst others, Andrew Marvell was baptized in Holy Trinity Church and attended the Old Grammar School. Coventry-born poet and University of Hull Librarian Philip Larkin lived at 32 Pearson Park for most of his life, and Stevie Smith was born in Hull. In the second half of 2010, Hull is celebrating Larkin's life and verse with the Larkin25 events including poetry readings, a Larkin tourist trail and a 'Plague of Toads' sculpture trail recalling Larkin's poem, 'Toads'. A statue of Larkin will later be unveiled at Paragon Interchange.
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The city has in recent years branded itself as the "Pioneering City", and this claim is backed up by a list of many firsts originating on Humberside. The technology for Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), for example, was discovered and refined at the University of Hull in the late 1960s. The city is also a UK leader in the development of broadband and telecoms technology.
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In 2007 Kingston-Upon-Hull celebrated another of its numerous remarkable achievements when it commemorated the life of its greatest son [http://www.wilberforce2007.co.uk William Wilberforce] and celebrated his starring role in the abolition of the British slave trade which in turn changed the face of world history. There was a wide range of events across the city.
===Tourist information===
===Tourist information===
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[[Image:Railway station and Hull 14-09-09 031.jpg|thumb|Railway shed of Hull Paragon Interchange]]
[[Image:Railway station and Hull 14-09-09 031.jpg|thumb|Railway shed of Hull Paragon Interchange]]
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Hull is served by eight daily Intercity train services to and from [[London/Camden#By rail|London Kings Cross]]. Journey times from the capital
average
2
1/
2 hours. Most trains are operated by the city's own train operator, [http://www.hulltrains.co.uk/
First
Hull Trains]. One service in each direction, is operated by [http://www.eastcoast.co.uk/ East Coast]. Between direct services you can change at [[Doncaster]] station for regular (two per hour) connections to Hull.
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Hull is served by eight daily Intercity train services to and from [[London/Camden#By rail|London Kings Cross]]. Journey times from the capital
vary from between
2
hours, 30 minutes to
2 hours
, 50 minutes
. Most trains are operated by the city's own train operator, [http://www.hulltrains.co.uk/ Hull Trains]. One service in each direction, is operated by [http://www.eastcoast.co.uk/ East Coast]. Between direct services you can change at [[Doncaster]] station for regular (two per hour) connections to Hull.
The city is located at the end of a major route from [[Manchester]]. Hourly [http://www.tpexpress.co.uk/ TransPennine Express] trains operate to and from Manchester Piccadilly station stopping at [[Huddersfield]], [[Leeds]], [[Selby]] and Brough. Journey time from Manchester is about 2 hours, and from Leeds a little under 1 hour. Regular, quick connections from [[Manchester Airport]] are available by changing at Huddersfield (same platform, normally) or Manchester.
The city is located at the end of a major route from [[Manchester]]. Hourly [http://www.tpexpress.co.uk/ TransPennine Express] trains operate to and from Manchester Piccadilly station stopping at [[Huddersfield]], [[Leeds]], [[Selby]] and Brough. Journey time from Manchester is about 2 hours, and from Leeds a little under 1 hour. Regular, quick connections from [[Manchester Airport]] are available by changing at Huddersfield (same platform, normally) or Manchester.
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===By bus===
===By bus===
There is a [http://www.hullparkandride.org.uk/ park and ride service] available from the outskirts of the city (Priory Park.)
There is a [http://www.hullparkandride.org.uk/ park and ride service] available from the outskirts of the city (Priory Park.)
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'''Priory Park and Ride''' lies south of Hessle Road off Priory Way. Follow the signs on A15 and A63 (Clive Sullivan Way) if you are coming into Hull. The postcode is HU4 7DY. The bus number is 700. Buses run approximately every 10 to 15 minutes from 07:00 onwards, (07:30 on Saturdays.) The last service back from the city centre is at 18:44 (Monday to Friday) or 17:59 (Saturday). There are no services on Sunday. The service drops off at the Kingston Communications Stadium (and is therefore useful for match-days as parking capacity near the stadium is very limited), Hull Royal Infirmary (return fare: £1.90 per adult; £1 per child) and Hull City centre (return fare £2.40 per adult; £1.25 per child.) Season tickets are available at £8.50/week, £34.20/month (HRI) or £11.00/week, £43.00/month (City Centre)
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''(Details correct as of January 2013)''
[http://www.nationalexpress.com National Express] coach services operate in and out of Hull Paragon Interchange (see below 'Get around by bus'). Several of the services operate through to King George Dock to connect with ferry services through to the continent.
[http://www.nationalexpress.com National Express] coach services operate in and out of Hull Paragon Interchange (see below 'Get around by bus'). Several of the services operate through to King George Dock to connect with ferry services through to the continent.
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[[Image:Posterngate, Hull.jpg|thumb|Posterngate from Prince's dock]]
[[Image:Posterngate, Hull.jpg|thumb|Posterngate from Prince's dock]]
Although Hull was amongst the most heavily bombed British cities during the Second World War, the 700 years since the granting of its first charter have left it with a fascinating wealth of architectural gems. From Flemish inspired façades to beautiful domed civic buildings. From dock offices to imposing industrial heritage warehouses and mills. From the medieval cobbled charm of the old town, grand private merchant's houses and Georgian terraces to cutting edge modern design.
Although Hull was amongst the most heavily bombed British cities during the Second World War, the 700 years since the granting of its first charter have left it with a fascinating wealth of architectural gems. From Flemish inspired façades to beautiful domed civic buildings. From dock offices to imposing industrial heritage warehouses and mills. From the medieval cobbled charm of the old town, grand private merchant's houses and Georgian terraces to cutting edge modern design.
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====The Charterhouse====
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[[Image:Charter House Hull.jpg|thumb|The Charterhouse, Old House]]
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Tucked away in a rather inauspicious area of the city, The Charter House is on Charterhouse Lane, and lies within a small conservation area. The wealthy merchant and first mayor of Hull Sir William de la Pole founded a Priory of Carthusian monks here in 1350, with the further intention of establishing a hospital. The ‘Gods House Hospital’ was eventually established by his son, the charter being granted in 1384 when the first master was appointed. Initially housing 13 poor men and 13 poor women, and surrounded by fields through which the River Hull flowed, the institution prospered from income derived from its lands. Unfortunately this attracted the attention of Henry VIII who in 1536 closed the Priory and turned the monks out. The hospital, however, remained and over time acquired the name The Charterhouse. This name is a corruption of Chartreuse in France where the order of Monks originated from.
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With Hull’s refusal to admit Charles I in 1642 and the start of the English Civil War, the town became a target for the Royalists and The Charterhouse, being outside the town walls, was demolished so a gun battery could be placed there to defend the town. In 1649 the Master, with his flock, returned to the site and The Charterhouse was rebuilt. However, neglect and decay caused this building to be pulled down in 1777 and a third one was built, the only remaining piece of the original priory being the stone over the door of the Master's House. But more was to come and although The Charterhouse survived World War II the blitz that Hull suffered caused much damage to its buildings. Since its restoration and expansion with improved living quarters the people living there now no longer represent de la Poles ‘indigent and decayed persons’ but pay for their accommodation and are called Residents. What is known as The Charter House consists of the Master's House and walled garden where Andrew Marvell is said to have played under the Mulberry tree and on the northern side of the road Old House which contains the fine Chapel with its Adams ceiling.
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'''Public access'''. The Charterhouse is open to then public once a year, during Hull's Heritage Weekend. However, each Sunday there is a service in the Chapel from 10AM to 11AM which the public can attend. Further information can be had from the Master, Tel. 01482 329307 or the Matron, Tel. 01482 320026.
====Queen Victoria Square====
====Queen Victoria Square====
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| name=Ferens Art Gallery | alt= | url=http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/portal/page?_pageid=221,95454&_dad=portal&_schema=portal | email=
| name=Ferens Art Gallery | alt= | url=http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/portal/page?_pageid=221,95454&_dad=portal&_schema=portal | email=
| address= | lat= | long= | directions=
| address= | lat= | long= | directions=
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| phone=
01482 300 300
| tollfree= | fax=
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| phone= | tollfree= | fax=
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| hours=
Monday to Saturday 10am - 5pm, Sunday 1.30 - 4.30pm
| price=
Free
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| hours= | price=
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| content=Permanent collection of Sculpture and Paintings from medieval to present day, as well as a regular programme of temporary exhibitions from around the world. Strong on old European Masters, particularly Dutch and Flemish, the Ferens also houses some of the best contemporary art in the country. Includes masterpieces by Frans Hals, Antonio Canaletto, Stanley Spencer, David Hockney, Helen Chadwick and Gillian Wearing. There is a pleasant cafe on the ground floor of the gallery with an outside section overlooking part of Prince's dock. In February to April each year it hosts the 'Open Exhibition' to which, for a modest fee, amateurs as well as professional artists can submit their own work for sale or just display.
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| content=
Free entry.
Permanent collection of Sculpture and Paintings from medieval to present day, as well as a regular programme of temporary exhibitions from around the world. Strong on old European Masters, particularly Dutch and Flemish, the Ferens also houses some of the best contemporary art in the country. Includes masterpieces by Frans Hals, Antonio Canaletto, Stanley Spencer, David Hockney, Helen Chadwick and Gillian Wearing. There is a pleasant cafe on the ground floor of the gallery with an outside section overlooking part of Prince's dock. In February to April each year it hosts the 'Open Exhibition' to which, for a modest fee, amateurs as well as professional artists can submit their own work for sale or just display.
}}
}}
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| address= | lat= | long= | directions=
| address= | lat= | long= | directions=
| phone= | tollfree= | fax=
| phone= | tollfree= | fax=
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| hours=
Monday to Saturday 10am - 5pm, Sunday 1.30 - 4.30pm
| price=
Free
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| hours= | price=
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| content=Formerly the Whaling Museum and housed in the original Dock Offices for the Prince's Dock and Queen's Dock (now Queen's Gardens). It is a huge, quaintly old-fashioned museum dedicated to Hull's glorious conquest of the High Seas and to the often tragic sacrifices made to it. An elegant staircase rises from the entrance hall and there are displays to interest all ages from the skeleton of a whale to models of ships to explanations of fishing methods.
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| content=
Free entry.
Formerly the Whaling Museum and housed in the original Dock Offices for the Prince's Dock and Queen's Dock (now Queen's Gardens). It is a huge, quaintly old-fashioned museum dedicated to Hull's glorious conquest of the High Seas and to the often tragic sacrifices made to it. An elegant staircase rises from the entrance hall and there are displays to interest all ages from the skeleton of a whale to models of ships to explanations of fishing methods.
}}
}}