← Older revision
Revision as of 11:55, February 28, 2013
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{{Infobox economy
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|country = [[Russia]]
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|image =
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|width =
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|caption =
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|currency = [[Economy of Russia#Russian Ruble|Ruble]]
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|fixed exchange = $1 = 36,4 руб (1.1.2013)
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|year = calendar year
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|organs =
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|rank =
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|gdp = 3.015 trillion US$
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|growth = 3.4% (2012)
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|per capita = 21,246 US$
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|sectors =
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|components =
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|inflation = 5.1% (2012 est.)
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|poverty = 11.4%
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|gini =
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|labor = 74.12 million (2011 est.)
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|occupations =
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|unemployment = 6.1% (January 2013)
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|average gross salary =
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|average net salary = 26,690 rubles
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|industries = complete range of mining and extractive industries producing coal, oil, gas, chemicals, and metals; all forms of machine building from rolling mills to high-performance aircraft and space vehicles; defense industries including radar, missile production, and advanced electronic components, shipbuilding; road and rail transportation equipment; communications equipment; agricultural machinery, tractors, and construction equipment; electric power generating and transmitting equipment; medical and scientific instruments; consumer durables, textiles, foodstuffs, handicrafts
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|edbr =
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|exports =
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|export-goods = [[Pigs]], [[Uranium]]
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|export-partners =
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|imports =
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|import-goods =
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|import-partners =
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|FDI =
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|gross external debt =
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|debt =
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|deficit =
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|revenue =
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|expenses =
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|aid =
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|credit = Standard&Poors: BBB+
Moody's: Baa1
Fitch: Positive
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|reserves =
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}}
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==Structure==
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==Industry==
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==Banking and Finance==
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===Central Bank of the Russian Federation===
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Officially the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (ru: Центральный банк Российской Федерации), it was created in 1992 following the elimination of the State Bank of the Russian SFSR. The Bank of Russia is the main regulator of the banking industry. It is responsible for issuing banking licences and setting rules of banking operations and accounting standards. The bank serves as a lender of last resort for credit organisations. It is also responsible for the country's monetary policy, including the level of the shortest interbank interest rate. By influencing the ruble interest rate, it also influences the price of the ruble in terms of foreign currencies.
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===MIBOR (Moscow Inter-Bank Offer Rate)===
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Moscow Inter-Bank Offer rate is an indicative rate of Rouble money market calculated by Central Bank of Russia on a daily basis. MIBID and MIACR (Moscow Interbank Bid / Actual Credit Rate, respectively) are also calculated alongside MIBOR.
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==Labour==
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==Currency==
{{Infobox Currency
{{Infobox Currency
| width = auto
| width = auto
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The '''ruble''' (ru: '''''рубль''''') is the national currency of [[Russia]]. With more than 7,9 trillion руб in circulation, the rouble is the currency with the highest combined value of banknotes and coins in circulation in the world.
The '''ruble''' (ru: '''''рубль''''') is the national currency of [[Russia]]. With more than 7,9 trillion руб in circulation, the rouble is the currency with the highest combined value of banknotes and coins in circulation in the world.
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==English spelling==
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===English spelling===
Both the spellings "ruble" and "rouble" are used in English. Although the form "rouble" is preferred by the Oxford English Dictionary, "ruble" is more often used internationally, but the earliest use recorded in English is the now completely obsolete "robble".
Both the spellings "ruble" and "rouble" are used in English. Although the form "rouble" is preferred by the Oxford English Dictionary, "ruble" is more often used internationally, but the earliest use recorded in English is the now completely obsolete "robble".
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In 2010 the Central Bank of Russia issued a recommendation to use "ruble".
In 2010 the Central Bank of Russia issued a recommendation to use "ruble".
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===Plural===
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====Plural====
The Russian plurals that may be seen on the actual currency are modified according to Russian grammar.
The Russian plurals that may be seen on the actual currency are modified according to Russian grammar.
* Numbers 1, 21, 31 etc. are followed by nominative singular рубль, копейка.
* Numbers 1, 21, 31 etc. are followed by nominative singular рубль, копейка.
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* Numbers 5-20, 25-30, 35-40 etc. will be followed by genitive plural рублей, копеек.
* Numbers 5-20, 25-30, 35-40 etc. will be followed by genitive plural рублей, копеек.
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==2010 Rouble==
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===2010 Rouble===
[[Image:Alla.JPG| left|thumb| alt text |The new design of the Russian Rouble]]
[[Image:Alla.JPG| left|thumb| alt text |The new design of the Russian Rouble]]
In April 2010 a new design of the Ruble was set in circulation. The new Ruble has been designed by the notorious Russian artist Nikolay Bulganin. The old design had been faced out by January 2012 when it also stopped being a legal tender in Russia.
In April 2010 a new design of the Ruble was set in circulation. The new Ruble has been designed by the notorious Russian artist Nikolay Bulganin. The old design had been faced out by January 2012 when it also stopped being a legal tender in Russia.
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==Central Bank of the Russian Federation==
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Officially the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (ru: Центральный банк Российской Федерации), it was created in 1992 following the elimination of the State Bank of the Russian SFSR. The Bank of Russia is the main regulator of the banking industry. It is responsible for issuing banking licences and setting rules of banking operations and accounting standards. The bank serves as a lender of last resort for credit organisations. It is also responsible for the country's monetary policy, including the level of the shortest interbank interest rate. By influencing the ruble interest rate, it also influences the price of the ruble in terms of foreign currencies.
===Inflation===
===Inflation===
The inflation rate of the rouble has since 2001 stayed below 10%. When the financial crisis in 1998 was at it worst the inflation was as high as 12 090%. Since the turn of the millennium there has been a considerable stabilization of the rouble, largely due to the currency reforms of the government in the end of the 90s. The rouble was revaluated in 1999 and in 2001.
The inflation rate of the rouble has since 2001 stayed below 10%. When the financial crisis in 1998 was at it worst the inflation was as high as 12 090%. Since the turn of the millennium there has been a considerable stabilization of the rouble, largely due to the currency reforms of the government in the end of the 90s. The rouble was revaluated in 1999 and in 2001.
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==MIBOR (Moscow Inter-Bank Offer Rate)==
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===Special legal regulations of currencies in the Russian Federation===
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Moscow Inter-Bank Offer rate is an indicative rate of Rouble money market calculated by Central Bank of Russia on a daily basis. MIBID and MIACR (Moscow Interbank Bid / Actual Credit Rate, respectively) are also calculated alongside MIBOR.
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* Upon entering the Russian Federation foreign citizens (except citizens of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, the Republic of Belarus, Italy, Egypt, Turkey and Norway) must declare at the border control of the Russian Federation if they are bringing with them over 10,000€, 15,000$, 10,000£ or 100,000 Russian roubles. When declaring a receipt is given which must then be shown, together with all receipt of purchases done in the Russian Federation, to the authorities when exiting the Russian Federation.
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==Special legal regulations of currencies in the Russian Federation==
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==Foreign Economic Relations==
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* Upon entering the Russian Federation foreign citizens (except citizens of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, the Republic of Belarus, Italy, Egypt, Turkey and Norway) must declare at the border control of the Russian Federation if they are bringing with them over 10,000€, 15,000$, 10,000£ or 100,000 Russian roubles. When declaring a receipt is given which must then be shown, together with all receipt of purchases done in the Russian Federation, to the authorities when exiting the Russian Federation.
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==Transport==
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==Media and Communications==
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==Notable Russian companies==
[[Category:Currencies]]
[[Category:Currencies]]
[[Category:Russia]]
[[Category:Russia]]