Understanding the Steam Heat System
As the term suggests, a steam heat system is a house or building heating system that relies on steam to provide heat. Although steam heating was once widespread, many other newer systems have cropped up over the years. Still, it cannot be denied that steam heating systems are more reliable and easier to maintain than any of the more heating systems prevalent today.
Moreover, upgrading a heating system can be very expensive and complex. If you own a building that counts on a steam heating system and you don’t plan on upgrading, you simply need to understand how it operates and how to fix any problems.
Basics of the Steam Heat System
There are four components of a steam heating system – a burner, a water boiler, pipes and radiators/convectors. The way the system works is rather straightforward. By applying heat to the water, the boiler turns it into steam. The steam then makes its way through the pipes and into the radiators and/or convectors in each room. This is the way stem heat is distributed all over a building. As the energy spreads out, the steam cools down and reverts back to water, which the boiler heats again.
Heating the Boiler
There are different ways the burner can heat the boiler. Natural gas, electricity or oil is often used. Boilers heated by electricity are generally more expensive to operate than those that are heated by gas or oil. However, they are also way easier to maintain and don’t become as damaged as the other two when they actually break. Electrically heated boilers are usually found in bigger buildings, while gas and oil-heated boilers are more commonly used in smaller buildings and residential properties.
Radiators versus Convectors
In a steam heating system, radiators work to transfer heat via completely exposed pipes. On the other hand, convectors are heating devices in a setup where heat-moving pipes are partly shielded. Convectors and radiators are of several shapes and sizes; and because they are cooler than radiators, convectors are generally safer to touch. Still, extreme care is necessary when handling either.
How to Maintain a Steam Heat System
While steam heating systems are relatively low maintenance, they do need to be maintained regularly to keep them in good shape. Every part of the system should be checked by a qualified service professional at least once a year.
The user can manage the system’s day-to-day care needs. For example, the boiler’s pressure and water gauges must be monitored. A low water level means the building will not be heated and the boiler will simply keep getting hotter and hotter. Water should be added at the soonest possible time. If the pressure level is too higher, the danger could explode. By loosening the air valves temporarily, the pressure can return to normal. Finally, air valves should as well be oiled on a regular basis.
Source: May xong hoi