0078 Origin of Saka Era (India)
0468 St Simplicius elected to succeed Catholic Pope Hilarius
0493 Ostrogoten King Theodorik the Great beats Odoaker
0561 Pelagius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1409 Austrian civil war ends
1431 Bishop Gabriele Condulmer elected as Pope Eugene IV
1627 Piet Heyn conquerors 22 ships in Bay of Salvador Brazil
1634 1st tavern in Boston opens (Samuel Cole)
1638 Duke Bernard van Saksen-Weimar occupies Rheinfelden
1746 Bonnie Prince Charlie occupies Castle of Inverness
1776 US commodore Esek Hopkins occupies Nassau Bahamas
1791 1st Internal Revenue Act (taxing distilled spirits & carriages)
1791 Congress establishes US Mint
1794 1st performance of Joseph Haydn’s 101st Symphony in D
1794 Richard Allen founded AME Church
1801 1st US Jewish Governor, David Emanuel, takes office in Georgia
1803 1st impeachment trial of a federal judge, John Pickering, begins
1805 Louisiana-Missouri Territory forms
1812 US Congress passes 1st foreign aid bill (aids Venezuela earthquake vicitims)
1813 Office of Surgeon General of the US army is established
1815 US declares war on Algiers for taking US prisoners & demanding tribute
1817 Mississippi Territory is divided into Alabama Territory & Mississippi
1820 Missouri Compromise passes, allowing slavery in Missouri
1835 Congress authorizes a US mint at New Orleans LA
1837 Congress increases Supreme Court membership from 7 to 9
1837 US President Andrew Jackson & Congress recognizes Republic of Texas
1838 Rebellion at Pelee Island, Ontario Canada
1842 1st performance of Felix Mendelssohn’s 3rd “Scottish” Symphony
1842 1st US child labor law regulating working hours passed (Massachusetts)
1843 Congress appropriates $30,000 “to test the practicability of establishing a system of electro-magnetic telegraphs” by the US
1845 1st US law overriding a Presidential veto (John Tyler’s)
1845 Congress authorizes ocean mail contracts for foreign mail delivery
1845 Florida becomes 27th state
1847 Post Office Department authorized to issue postage stamps
1849 Gold Coinage Act authorizes $20 Double Eagle gold coin
1849 Territory of Minnesota is organized
1849 US Department of the Interior established by Congress
1851 Congress authorizes smallest US silver coin (3¢ piece)
1853 Transcontinental railroad survey is authorized by Congress
1853 US Assay Office in New York NY authorized
1855 Congress approves $30,000 to test camels for military use
1855 Registration of letters authorized by Congress
1861 Russian Tsar Alexander II abolishes serfdom
1862 General Pope lays siege in front of New Madrid MO
1863 1st US wartime military conscription bill enacted
1863 Abraham Lincoln approves charter for National Academy of Sciences
1863 Congress authorizes a US mint at Carson City NV
1863 Federal ironclad ships bomb Fort McAllister Georgia
1863 Free city delivery replaces zone postage; 449 letter carriers hired
1863 Gold certificates (currency) authorized by Congress
1863 Idaho Territory forms
1865 Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, & Abandoned Lands established to help destitute free blacks
1869 University of South Carolina opens to all races
1871 Congress changes Indian tribes status from independent to dependent
1871 Congress establishes the civil service system
1873 Congress authorizes federal departmental postage stamps
1873 US Congress & government raise own salary, retroactively
1875 1st recorded hockey game (Montréal)
1875 Congress authorizes 20¢ coin, lasts only 3 years
1875 Georges Bizet’s opera “Carmen” premieres (Paris France)
1877 Rutherford B Hayes is sworn in as the 19th President
1878 Bulgaria liberated from Turkey (Peace of San Stefano)
1879 1st female lawyer heard by Supreme Court (Belva Ann Bennett Lockwood)
1879 US geological survey director authorized in Department of the Interior
1882 New York Steam Corp begins distributing steam to Manhattan buildings
1883 Congress authorizes the 1st steel vessels in US navy
1885 1st US state (California) establishes a permanent forest commission
1885 American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T) incorporates
1885 Congress passes Indian Appropriations Act (Indians wards of federal government)
1885 US Post Office offers special delivery for 1st-class mail
1887 American Protective Association forms (anti-Catholic) in Clinton IA
1887 Anne Sullivan begins teaching 6 year old blind-deaf Helen Keller
1891 Congress creates Office of Superintendent of Immigration (Treasury Department)
1891 Congress creates US Courts of Appeal
1892 1st cattle tuberculosis test in US made, Villa Nova PA
1893 Columbian Isabella silver quarter authorized
1893 Congress authorizes 1st federal road agency, in Department of Agriculture
1894 1st Greek-language publication in US begins, “New York Atlantis”
1894 4th & last British government of Gladstone resigns
1899 Congress authorizes Lafayette silver dollar
1899 George Dewey becomes 1st in US with rank of Admiral of the Navy
1900 US Steel Corporation organizes
1901 Congress creates National Bureau of Standards, in Department of Commerce
1903 North Carolina becomes 1st state requiring registration of nurses
1905 US Forest Service forms
1906 Vuia I aircraft built by Romanian Traja Vuia tested in France
1909 Stanley Cup: Ottawa Senators beat Montréal Wanderers, 8-3
1911 1st US federal cemetery with Union & Rebel graves opens, Missouri
1913 Ida B Wells-Barnett demonstrates for female suffrage in Washington DC
1915 National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NASA forerunner) created
1917 Congress passes 1st excess profits tax on corporations
1917 Great monarch Michael resigns after 1 day as czar
1917 Nicholas II, last Russian tsar, abdicates
1918 Richard Göring’s “Seeschlacht” premieres in Berlin
1918 Russia withdraws from WWI, signs Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany & Austria
1919 1st international air mail service from US, Seattle WA-Victoria BC
1919 Communist Party in Germany announces a general strike
1920 Montréal Canadiens scores NHL record 16 goals beating Québec Bulldogs
1921 Toronto’s Dr Banting & Dr Best announce discovery of insulin
1922 Italian fascists occupy Fiume & Rijeka
1922 WWJ-AM in Detroit MI begins radio transmissions
1923 Time magazine publishes 1st issue
1923 US Senate rejects membership in International Court of Justice, The Hague
1924 German & Turkish friendship/trade treaty signed
1924 Sean O’Casey’s “Juno & the Paycock” premieres in Dublin
1926 International Greyhound Racing Association formed (Miami FL)
1931 "Star Spangled Banner" officially becomes US national anthem
1931 Cab Calloway records “Minnie the Moocher” (Jazz’s 1st million seller)
1933 German Presidential candidate Earnest Thälmann (KPD) arrested
1933 Mount Rushmore dedicated
1933 New York NY premiere of “King Kong”
1934 John Dillinger breaks out of jail using a wooden pistol
1935 Dutch Revolutionary Socialist Worker’s party (RSAP), forms
1936 Grimmett ends his Test career with 13 wickets in 5th Test vs South Africa
1937 Australia snatch series against England 3-2 after being 2-0 down
1938 American Bowling Congress’ largest tournament (24,765 competitors)
1940 Artie Shaw records “Frenesi” on RCA Victor label
1941 Netherlands NSB-leader Mussert visits Göring in Berlin
1942 1st combat flight for Canada’s Avro Lancaster military plane
1943 Bomb fleeing crowd falls into London shelter; 173 die
1943 F Ryerson & Cohn Claues’ “Harriet” premieres in New York NY
1943 US defeats Japan & wins Battle of Bismark Sea
1944 1st performance of corporal Samuel Barber’s 2nd Symphony
1945 Churchill visits Montgomery’s headquarter
1945 RAF bombing error hits The Hague killing 511
1945 Roermond/Venlo Netherlands, freed
1945 US & Philippine forces recaptures Corregidor
1945 US 7th Army occupies last part of Westwall
1946 US Ladies Figure Skating Championship won by Gretchen Merrill
1946 US Men’s Figure Skating Championship won by Richard Button
1950 3 months as National-American Football League takes back NFL name
1951 Bill Mikvy (Temple) scores NCAA basketball record 73 points
1952 Puerto Rico approves their 1st self written constitution
1953 Boston Braves, who own Milwaukee minor league franchise, block St Louis Browns attempt to shift their franchise to Milwaukee
1953 Canadian Comet crashes at Karachi, 11 killed
1955 Elvis Presley makes his 1st TV appearance
1956 Cockie Gastelaars swims world record 100 meter freestyle (1 :4.2)
1956 Indonesian government of Harahap resigns
1956 Manhattan Borough President Hulan Jack makes plans for a new 110,000-seat stadium to entice Giants to stay in New York
1956 Morocco gains independence from France (Anniversary of throne)
1957 Corry Brokken wins Eurovision Song festival with “Just as then”
1957 Mickey Wright wins LPGA Jacksonville Golf Open
1957 World Ice Dance Championship in Colorado Springs won by June Markham & Courtney Jones (Great Britain)
1957 World Ice Pairs Figure Skating Championship in Colorado Springs won by Barbara Wagner & Robert Paul (Canada)
1957 World Ladies Figure Skating Championship in Colorado Springs won by Carol Heiss (USA)
1957 World Men’s Figure Skating Championship in Colorado Springs won by David Jenkins (USA)
1958 KTVU TV channel 2 in Oakland-San Francisco CA (IND) 1st broadcast
1958 Nuri ash Said becomes premier of Iraq
1959 1st US probe to enter solar orbit, Pioneer 4, is launched
1959 British government arrests Hastings Banda of Nyasaland, ends emergency crisis
1959 San Francisco Giants rename their stadium Candlestick Park
1960 9th largest snowfall in NYC history (14.5”)
1961 King Hassan II’s ascends to throne of Morocco
1962 British Antarctic Territory is formed
1963 Senegal adopts constitution
1965 Temptations’ “My Girl” reaches #1
1965 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1965 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR
1966 James Goldman’s “Lion in Winter” premieres in New York NY
1966 Kwame Nkrumah flees Ghana to Guinée
1966 Rock group Buffalo Springfield forms (Steven Stills, Neil Young, et al)
1966 Twister hits Jackson MS; 3 minutes after 1st sighting, 57 die
1966 WRFT (now WVFT) TV channel 27 in Roanoke VA (IND) begins broadcasting
1967 Grenada gains partial independence from Britain
1967 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1967 White Sox given permission to use semi-DH in training camp with home club permission (use of pinch hitter twice in same game)
1968 "Here’s Where I Belong" opens/closes at Billy Rose Theater NYC
1968 Greece, Portugal & Spain’s embassies bombed in the Hague
1968 Jean Beliveau (Montréal) becomes 2nd NHLer to score 1,000 points
1969 Apollo 9 launched into 151 Earth orbits (10 days)
1971 South African Broadcasting Corp lifts its ban on the Beatles
1971 Winnie Mandela sentenced to 1 year in jail in South Africa
1972 Sculpted figures of Jefferson Davis, Robert E Lee, & Stonewall Jackson are completed at Stone Mountain GA
1973 "Shelter" closes at John Golden Theater NYC after 31 performances
1973 White Sox Dick Allen signs 3 year contract for record $750,000
1974 "Sextet" opens at Bijou Theater NYC for 9 performances
1974 Despite Billy Harris’ hat trick Islanders lose 3-4
1974 George Foreman KOs Ken Norton
1974 Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Orange Blossom Golf Classic
1974 World’s worst air disaster, Turkish DC-10 crashes in Paris France (346 die)
1975 "Goodtime Charley" opens at Palace Theater NYC for 104 performances
1975 Linda McCartney is charged in US with possession of marijuana
1976 Mozambique closes border with Rhodesia
1977 Islanders allow Red Wings only 11 shots on goal
1977 Libyan Socialist Arabs People’s Republic forms
1977 World Ice Dance Championship in Tokyo won by Irina Moiseeva & Andrei Minenkov (USSR)
1977 World Ice Pairs Figure Skating Championship in Tokyo won by Irina Rodnina/Alexandr Zaitsev (USSR)
1977 World Ladies Figure Skating Championship in Tokyo won by Linda Fratianne (USA)
1977 World Men’s Figure Skating Championship in Tokyo won by Vladimir Kovalev (USSR)
1978 1st day of Test cricket for Desmond Haynes (West Indies vs Australia)
1978 Charles Chaplin’s remains are stolen in Switzerland
1980 France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
1981 Isle’s Mike Bossy 9th & final hat trick of season-4 goals
1981 New York Islanders & Edmonton Oilers play to an 8-8 tie
1982 Senate begins debate on expulsion of Senator Harrison Williams (D-NJ)
1984 New York Islanders score their most goals (11) vs Toronto Maple Leafs (6)
1984 Peter Ueberroth is elected baseball commissioner (Effective Oct 1)
1985 "Moonlighting" with Cybill Shepard & Bruce Willis, premieres
1985 "My One & Only" closes at St James Theater NYC after 767 performances
1985 Betsy King wins LPGA Samaritan Turquoise Golf Classic
1985 National Union of Mine Workers in England end a 51 week strike
1985 Willie Shoemaker becomes 1st jockey to win $100 million
1987 Ray Dandridge, 3rd baseman in Negro Leagues, eleected to Hall of Fame
1989 Machinists strike Eastern Airlines; pilots honor picket lines
1989 Robert McFarlane gets $20,000 fine, 2 years probation for Iran-Contra
1990 Carole Gist, 20, (Michigan), 1st black crowned 39th Miss USA
1991 "Big Love" opens at Plymouth Theater NYC for 41 performances
1991 Boon completes 10th Test Cricket century, 109 vs West Indies at Kingston
1991 Iraqi generals & General Schwarzkopf meet to discuss cease fire
1991 Latvia & Estonia vote to become independent of the USSR
1991 Los Angeles Police severly beat Rodney King, captured on amateur video
1991 Merlene Ottey runs world record 200 meter indoor (22.24 seconds)
1991 Miguel Trovoada installed as President of Sao Tomé e Principal
1991 Switzerland votes on lowering voting age from 20 to 18
1991 United Airlines crashes near Colorado Springs, kills 25
1992 Charges are filed in Florida against New York Mets Darryl Boston, Vince Coleman & Dwight Gooden of rape (dropped in April)
1992 Gas explodes in coal mine at Zonguldak Turkey, 100s die
1992 Mike Bossy’s #22 is 2nd number retired by New York Islanders
1992 President Bush apologizes for raising taxes after pledging not to
1993 Howard Stern radio show premieres in Boston (WBCN 104.1 FM-evenings)
1994 "Damn Yankees" opens at Marquis Theater NYC for 510 performances
1994 "Philoktetes Variations", with Ron Vawter, premieres in Brussels
1994 IRS investigates Darryl Strawberry
1995 Camilla Parker Bowles & her husband Andrew divorce
1996 26th Easter Seal Telethon
1996 Auckland beat Wellington by 9 wickets to win Shell Trophy Final
1997 Howard Stern Radio Show premieres in Fayetteville NC on WRCQ 103.5 FM
1998 Bill Gates testifies at Senate Judiciary Committee